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<p>The fermentative production of lactic acid from lignocellulosic biomass as a renewable feedstock addresses the challenges which include high feedstock costs, and biomass recalcitrance. These pretreatment processes, such as organosolv fractionation and high-solids enzymatic saccharification, enhanced sugar recovery by achieving a 566.6&#xa0;g/bagasse Kg yield. The application of genetic engineering to lactic acid bacteria (LAB) improved efficiencies even further, as shown by the engineered strains <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> which achieved lactic acid yields of 110&#xa0;g/L under optimized fermentation conditions. The application of advanced technologies like the use of twin-screw extrusion systems and green or eco-friendly solvent systems aided in the process efficiency and carbohydrate recovery. The study demonstrated the latest innovations, such as the application of CRISPR/Cas9 for strain improvement to overcome tolerances against inhibitors and optimize substrate utilization. Moreover, co-fermentation and integrated saccharification approaches upgraded the overall process of sustainable treatment and reduced the production cost. This review highlights the lactic acid (LA) potential in the sugar industry alongside its use in bio-based fuel production. Future research should concentrate on optimizing other genetically engineered techniques to improve LAB performance, exploring cost-effective and energy-efficient pretreatment and saccharification methods, incorporating lactic acid production into industrial processes, and addressing regulatory and market acceptance issues for genetically modified LAB in commercial applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Advancements in sustainable lactic acid production: revolutionizing biorefineries by harnessing genetically engineered LAB and lignocellulosic biomass

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月7日

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  • Ishrat Perveen,
  • Quratulain Syed,
  • Hafsa Ayyub,
  • Abia Mehboob,
  • Naaz Abbas,
  • Yasar Saleem,
  • Amna Mumtaz,
  • Nazia Koser,
  • Faiza Akram,
  • Hazeefa Sultan,
  • Hina Younis,
  • Zubaria,
  • Sania Mazhar,
  • Shaista Nawaz,
  • Sana Riaz,
  • Arooj Abbas,
  • Syed Imam Hussain Abidi

摘要

The fermentative production of lactic acid from lignocellulosic biomass as a renewable feedstock addresses the challenges which include high feedstock costs, and biomass recalcitrance. These pretreatment processes, such as organosolv fractionation and high-solids enzymatic saccharification, enhanced sugar recovery by achieving a 566.6 g/bagasse Kg yield. The application of genetic engineering to lactic acid bacteria (LAB) improved efficiencies even further, as shown by the engineered strains Bacillus coagulans which achieved lactic acid yields of 110 g/L under optimized fermentation conditions. The application of advanced technologies like the use of twin-screw extrusion systems and green or eco-friendly solvent systems aided in the process efficiency and carbohydrate recovery. The study demonstrated the latest innovations, such as the application of CRISPR/Cas9 for strain improvement to overcome tolerances against inhibitors and optimize substrate utilization. Moreover, co-fermentation and integrated saccharification approaches upgraded the overall process of sustainable treatment and reduced the production cost. This review highlights the lactic acid (LA) potential in the sugar industry alongside its use in bio-based fuel production. Future research should concentrate on optimizing other genetically engineered techniques to improve LAB performance, exploring cost-effective and energy-efficient pretreatment and saccharification methods, incorporating lactic acid production into industrial processes, and addressing regulatory and market acceptance issues for genetically modified LAB in commercial applications.

Graphical abstract