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<p>SARS-CoV-2 has caused widespread disruption to global health, extending its impact beyond respiratory symptoms to induce systemic biochemical and hematological changes. This cross-sectional observational study investigated the effects of COVID-19 on hematological and biochemical parameters in a projected cohort of 450 participants (150 per group) from Asia, Europe, and Africa, stratified into mild, moderate, and severe categories. The study found that severe cases exhibited significant lymphopenia, neutrophilia, and an elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), with reduced platelet counts, suggesting coagulopathy. Biochemical markers, including CRP, ferritin, and D-dimer, were markedly elevated in severe cases, while liver enzymes showed regional variability, being higher in patients from Asia and Africa. Renal involvement was evident in 25% of severe cases with elevated creatinine. Younger patients demonstrated milder biochemical changes compared to older individuals, who showed disproportionately high levels of inflammatory markers. Males had higher ferritin and D-dimer levels, correlating with worse outcomes. These findings highlight the significant hematological and biochemical alterations caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and emphasize the need for population-specific strategies to improve management and prognosis. The following results are based on simulated data and serve to demonstrate the structure and expected outcomes of the proposed study.</p>

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Statistical analysis of hematological and biochemical parameters in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients across diverse populations: a cross-sectional observational study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月25日

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  • S. Qurat ul Ain,
  • Khalid Ul Islam Rather,
  • Suhani Sajad

摘要

SARS-CoV-2 has caused widespread disruption to global health, extending its impact beyond respiratory symptoms to induce systemic biochemical and hematological changes. This cross-sectional observational study investigated the effects of COVID-19 on hematological and biochemical parameters in a projected cohort of 450 participants (150 per group) from Asia, Europe, and Africa, stratified into mild, moderate, and severe categories. The study found that severe cases exhibited significant lymphopenia, neutrophilia, and an elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), with reduced platelet counts, suggesting coagulopathy. Biochemical markers, including CRP, ferritin, and D-dimer, were markedly elevated in severe cases, while liver enzymes showed regional variability, being higher in patients from Asia and Africa. Renal involvement was evident in 25% of severe cases with elevated creatinine. Younger patients demonstrated milder biochemical changes compared to older individuals, who showed disproportionately high levels of inflammatory markers. Males had higher ferritin and D-dimer levels, correlating with worse outcomes. These findings highlight the significant hematological and biochemical alterations caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and emphasize the need for population-specific strategies to improve management and prognosis. The following results are based on simulated data and serve to demonstrate the structure and expected outcomes of the proposed study.