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<p>The identification of minerals is crucial for optimizing economic and environmental strategies worldwide. This study presents a novel approach to mineral identification and characterization using microwave sensing technology. The method is specifically designed to identify and characterize copper, chromite, and limestone within Oman’s geological landscape. A 3D-printed, composite-structured Split-Ring Resonator (SRR) Microwave Sensor (MW-sensor) is developed and validated. The sensor, constructed on a 40&#xa0;mm × 100&#xa0;mm Roger5880 substrate, incorporates a square-shaped SRR structure positioned between two hexagonal-shaped SRR structures. The sensor is offered multi-resonating points at the frequency (2&#xa0;GHz, 4.5&#xa0;GHz and 5.2&#xa0;GHz) over a wide frequency range 2–10&#xa0;GHz. The fabricated prototype demonstrated strong alignment with simulation studies. Experiments were conducted on both ideal and mining samples, revealing high sensitivity for copper (75.9%), chromite (75%), and limestone (77.44%). The SRR structures of the sensor exhibit a strong electric-field distribution, which is significantly influenced by the sample being tested. Correlation analysis of reflection results indicated a close match between ideal and mining samples, with maximum correlation coefficients of 0.857 for copper and 0.695 for chromite at 20% Wt./Vol., and 0.792 for limestone at 10% Wt./Vol. These results underscore the potential of the proposed MW-sensor as a cost-effective alternative to existing mineral detection technologies.</p>

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Minerals identification and characterization using a new 3D printed composite- structured split ring resonator microwave sensor

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月9日

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  • Madan Kumar Sharma,
  • Nadir Kamal Salih Idries,
  • Abdullah Said Alkalbani,
  • Degala Satyanarayana,
  • Gopal Rathinam,
  • Ankit Sharma

摘要

The identification of minerals is crucial for optimizing economic and environmental strategies worldwide. This study presents a novel approach to mineral identification and characterization using microwave sensing technology. The method is specifically designed to identify and characterize copper, chromite, and limestone within Oman’s geological landscape. A 3D-printed, composite-structured Split-Ring Resonator (SRR) Microwave Sensor (MW-sensor) is developed and validated. The sensor, constructed on a 40 mm × 100 mm Roger5880 substrate, incorporates a square-shaped SRR structure positioned between two hexagonal-shaped SRR structures. The sensor is offered multi-resonating points at the frequency (2 GHz, 4.5 GHz and 5.2 GHz) over a wide frequency range 2–10 GHz. The fabricated prototype demonstrated strong alignment with simulation studies. Experiments were conducted on both ideal and mining samples, revealing high sensitivity for copper (75.9%), chromite (75%), and limestone (77.44%). The SRR structures of the sensor exhibit a strong electric-field distribution, which is significantly influenced by the sample being tested. Correlation analysis of reflection results indicated a close match between ideal and mining samples, with maximum correlation coefficients of 0.857 for copper and 0.695 for chromite at 20% Wt./Vol., and 0.792 for limestone at 10% Wt./Vol. These results underscore the potential of the proposed MW-sensor as a cost-effective alternative to existing mineral detection technologies.