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<p>Advances in research in recent years have led to the identification of new biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (MS), with kappa free light chains (KFLC), neurofilament light chain (NFL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) being the most promising candidates for translation into the laboratory routine. The detection of KFLC in cerebrospinal fluid–serum sample pairs and subsequent interpretation using the KFLC index or in the 4th&#xa0;Reiber’s diagram for KFLC are discussed as an additional diagnostic biomarker. In contrast, serum concentrations of NFL and GFAP are mainly used to assess prognosis as well as disease activity and progression. Finally, KFLC and NFL also appear to be useful as biomarkers for treatment response. All biomarkers are robust against pre-analytical influencing factors, although some of these must be taken into account when interpreting the values.</p>

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Neue lösliche Biomarker bei Multipler Sklerose

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月7日

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  • F. F. Konen,
  • M. Süße,
  • F. Bachhuber,
  • M. Khalil,
  • M. Otto,
  • H. Tumani,
  • T. Skripuletz

摘要

Advances in research in recent years have led to the identification of new biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (MS), with kappa free light chains (KFLC), neurofilament light chain (NFL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) being the most promising candidates for translation into the laboratory routine. The detection of KFLC in cerebrospinal fluid–serum sample pairs and subsequent interpretation using the KFLC index or in the 4th Reiber’s diagram for KFLC are discussed as an additional diagnostic biomarker. In contrast, serum concentrations of NFL and GFAP are mainly used to assess prognosis as well as disease activity and progression. Finally, KFLC and NFL also appear to be useful as biomarkers for treatment response. All biomarkers are robust against pre-analytical influencing factors, although some of these must be taken into account when interpreting the values.