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Purpose <p>Helical springs in automobile suspension systems are not only crucial components for ensuring the ride comfort and handling stability, but also significant pathways for transmitting the structural noise. To enhance the vibration and structural noise attenuation performance, this paper explored a conceptual design of integrating acoustic black hole (ABH), mutant ABH (MABH, ABH structures modified by mutant blocks) and locally resonant metamaterials (LRs, periodic multi-component structures that suppress wave propagation via local resonance) into helical springs.</p> Method <p> The vibration transmission attenuation performance of proposed springs was demonstrated via finite element simulations and experiments. Subsequently, the underlying attenuation mechanisms were elucidated using response contour maps and power flow distribution analysis.</p> Results <p>The MABH-spring achieves a broadband attenuation effect, which originates from significant impedance ismatch (abrupt variations in structural properties causing vibrational impedance discontinuity) and enhanced ABH effect. The further study about the proposed structures under practical loading and constraint conditions confirms that the MABH-spring under load retains ABH and impedance mismatch effect, thereby exhibiting excellent broadband vibration attenuation. Furthermore, the spring structures with additional LRs exhibit superior performance. The coupling mechanism between spring and LRs discussed by transmission, energy ratio and response contour maps indicates that MABH-spring exhibits a stronger coupling effect.</p> Conclusion <p>The springs integrated with MABH and LRs deliver broadband vibration attenuation performance. This study provides valuable insights into the application of ABH and LRs in automotive structures, particularly for mitigating structural noise in helical springs.</p>

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Investigation of Broadband Vibration Attenuation Performance of Mutant Acoustic Black Hole-Integrated Helical Springs Coupled with Locally Resonant Units

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月24日

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  • Zhengcheng Yao,
  • Xiandong Liu,
  • Xueman Hu,
  • Yue Bao,
  • Yingchun Shan,
  • Tian He

摘要

Purpose

Helical springs in automobile suspension systems are not only crucial components for ensuring the ride comfort and handling stability, but also significant pathways for transmitting the structural noise. To enhance the vibration and structural noise attenuation performance, this paper explored a conceptual design of integrating acoustic black hole (ABH), mutant ABH (MABH, ABH structures modified by mutant blocks) and locally resonant metamaterials (LRs, periodic multi-component structures that suppress wave propagation via local resonance) into helical springs.

Method

The vibration transmission attenuation performance of proposed springs was demonstrated via finite element simulations and experiments. Subsequently, the underlying attenuation mechanisms were elucidated using response contour maps and power flow distribution analysis.

Results

The MABH-spring achieves a broadband attenuation effect, which originates from significant impedance ismatch (abrupt variations in structural properties causing vibrational impedance discontinuity) and enhanced ABH effect. The further study about the proposed structures under practical loading and constraint conditions confirms that the MABH-spring under load retains ABH and impedance mismatch effect, thereby exhibiting excellent broadband vibration attenuation. Furthermore, the spring structures with additional LRs exhibit superior performance. The coupling mechanism between spring and LRs discussed by transmission, energy ratio and response contour maps indicates that MABH-spring exhibits a stronger coupling effect.

Conclusion

The springs integrated with MABH and LRs deliver broadband vibration attenuation performance. This study provides valuable insights into the application of ABH and LRs in automotive structures, particularly for mitigating structural noise in helical springs.