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<p>Reusable launch vehicles are known to offer substantial cost savings and operational efficiency compared to expendable launch vehicles. Yet, ensuring the reliability of critical recovery structures like landing legs and grid fins remains a key maintenance challenge. This study develops a reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) framework to optimize the maintenance intervals for these systems by balancing reliability and cost. The approach integrates life cycle cost analysis, failure modes and effects analysis, and Weibull modeling, utilizing Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations to derive probabilistic recommendations with 95% confidence bounds. Illustrative simulations demonstrate the framework’s capability of identifying optimal intervals for two cases: safety-critical and non-safety-critical failures. These findings provide a methodological benchmark for establishing standardized RLV maintenance decisions, which can further be developed with real-time monitoring techniques.</p>

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A Reliability-Centered Maintenance Framework for Reusable Launch Vehicles Under Operational Uncertainty

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Jin Kyu Lee,
  • Hyun Seung Cha,
  • Hee Seong Kim,
  • Joo Ho Choi,
  • Changwoon Han

摘要

Reusable launch vehicles are known to offer substantial cost savings and operational efficiency compared to expendable launch vehicles. Yet, ensuring the reliability of critical recovery structures like landing legs and grid fins remains a key maintenance challenge. This study develops a reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) framework to optimize the maintenance intervals for these systems by balancing reliability and cost. The approach integrates life cycle cost analysis, failure modes and effects analysis, and Weibull modeling, utilizing Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations to derive probabilistic recommendations with 95% confidence bounds. Illustrative simulations demonstrate the framework’s capability of identifying optimal intervals for two cases: safety-critical and non-safety-critical failures. These findings provide a methodological benchmark for establishing standardized RLV maintenance decisions, which can further be developed with real-time monitoring techniques.