Weapon-Target Assignment in Cooperative Engagement for Multi-Layered Ballistic Missile Defense Under Radar Resource Constraints
摘要
Cooperative engagement (CE) is a strategy in which defensive assets share target information to coordinate a joint response. In this context, radar resources are a key determinant of engagement feasibility. This study applies the concept of CE to a ballistic missile defense system. Based on a simulation that models ballistic missile trajectories and defensive assets, it then formulates and solves a dynamic weapon–target assignment (DWTA) problem that incorporates integrated fire control using precision cue and forward pass as well as radar resources. Initially, the problem was formulated using binary integer programming. However, this approach led to a rapid increase in problem complexity, revealing its limitations for practical application. To address this problem, the formulation is refined by explicitly separating independent and dependent variables, and a 2-Layered Heuristic algorithm is implemented to operate efficiently in multi-target, multi-weapon environments. The proposed algorithm is structured to sequentially perform battery-level assignment followed by weapon launch scheduling. Compared with a genetic algorithm (GA)-based approach, the proposed 2-Layered Heuristic algorithm achieved more stable performance and faster assignment speed. Additionally, its practical effectiveness as a DWTA method for real-time applications in CE environments was validated.