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<p>Concerning the cold ejection system, the idea is to inject a liquid jet behind a backward-facing step (BFS) into a supersonic gas crossflow to increase the injector’s pressure difference, thereby enhancing liquid jet penetration into the supersonic crossflow. An experimental study is conducted to investigate the supersonic gas jet flow structures with a liquid jet behind the backward-facing step to weaken the gas jet strength. Nitrogen gas and water are used as working fluids. The gas jet is smaller than the gas-only flow due to the recirculation zone filled with injected water and the penetration of water jets into the gas jet. The penetration depth of water and the streamwise water location are investigated in relation to the momentum ratio of water to gas. The penetration depth increases linearly, and the streamwise water location moves upstream linearly with the momentum ratio. Empirical formulas predicting both penetration depth and streamwise water location are proposed based on engineering parameters. These equations show reasonable agreement with experimental data.</p>

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Mixing Structures and Penetration Depth of Liquid Jet in Supersonic Crossflow Behind Backward Facing Step

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Doo-Hee Han,
  • Sang-Hoon Ahn,
  • Seong-Hyeon Seo,
  • Hong-Gye Sung

摘要

Concerning the cold ejection system, the idea is to inject a liquid jet behind a backward-facing step (BFS) into a supersonic gas crossflow to increase the injector’s pressure difference, thereby enhancing liquid jet penetration into the supersonic crossflow. An experimental study is conducted to investigate the supersonic gas jet flow structures with a liquid jet behind the backward-facing step to weaken the gas jet strength. Nitrogen gas and water are used as working fluids. The gas jet is smaller than the gas-only flow due to the recirculation zone filled with injected water and the penetration of water jets into the gas jet. The penetration depth of water and the streamwise water location are investigated in relation to the momentum ratio of water to gas. The penetration depth increases linearly, and the streamwise water location moves upstream linearly with the momentum ratio. Empirical formulas predicting both penetration depth and streamwise water location are proposed based on engineering parameters. These equations show reasonable agreement with experimental data.