Static Mechanical Characteristics Analysis of Aircraft Tire Under Extreme Weather Conditions

Rubber is the main component material of aircraft tires. It will harden or soften to a certain extent due to the extreme temperature environment present in the operating conditions of civil aircraft, which changes the stiffness of the tire and affects the cushioning performance of the landing gear dropping process and the maneuverability during taxiing. This article researches the static mechanical characteristics of the 50 × 20 R22 radial aircraft tire across a wide temperature range. Through uniaxial tensile tests, the stress–strain relationships of three rubber materials, including tread rubber, carcass compound, and bead filler, were studied under temperature conditions of − 61 °C, − 41.3 °C, 25 °C, 49 °C, and 70 °C. On this basis, the constitutive relationships of the three rubber materials were established using the Yeoh model. In the finite element software ABAQUS, a three-dimensional numerical simulation model of the tire was created to analyze the radial stiffness, lateral stiffness, longitudinal stiffness, and torsional stiffness of the aircraft tire, as well as the ground contact imprint. The modeling method's accuracy was verified through experiments. This study provides a reference for the environmental adaptability design of aircraft tires.