Background <p>Malaria remains endemic in Nigeria despite sustained deployment of chemical control strategies. While biological resistance has been documented, less attention has been given to how communities interpret perceived declines in chemical effectiveness.</p> Objectives <p>To examine community perceptions of chemical malaria control, patterns of antimalarial drug use, and awareness of insecticide resistance in selected endemic Nigerian communities.</p> Methods <p>A convergent mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitative data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of 1,378 respondents via stratified random sampling across rural, semi-urban, and urban settings. Binary logistic regression assessed predictors of regular ITN use. Qualitative data were generated through 20 in-depth interviews and four focus group. discussions, analyzed thematically.</p> Results <p>Awareness of ITNs (78.6%) and antimalarial drugs (81.9%) was high, yet consistent utilization was uneven. Urban residence (OR = 1.87) and tertiary education (OR = 2.14) significantly predicted regular ITN use (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Self-medication (61.5%) and incomplete dosage adherence (43.8%) were prevalent. Over half perceived declining drug (59.8%) and insecticide (54.6%) effectiveness. This study examines community perceptions of declining effectiveness as socially consequential realities.</p> Conclusion <p>Chemical malaria control operates within socially mediated contexts. Sustainable intervention requires integration of biomedical efficacy with community perceptions, structural inequalities, and patterned health practices.</p>

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Chemical Malaria Control and Social Realities: A Sociological Examination of Community Perceptions, Drug-Use Practices, and Insecticide Resistance in Endemic Nigerian Communities

  • Morenike Olufunmilayo Akpo,
  • Lilian Oghenenyoreme Itoje-Akpokiniovo,
  • Prosper Uyoyou Irogbo,
  • Great Iruoghene Edo,
  • Joshua Othuke Orogu,
  • Raghda S. Makia,
  • Ephraim Evi Alex Oghroro,
  • Joseph Oghenewogaga Owheruo,
  • Emad Yousif,
  • Joy Johnson Agbo,
  • Ufuoma Augustina Igbuku,
  • Arthur Efeoghene Athan Essaghah,
  • Ibiyinka Agboola Fuwape,
  • Ahmed A. Alamiery,
  • Huzaifa Umar,
  • Dina S. Ahmed

摘要

Background

Malaria remains endemic in Nigeria despite sustained deployment of chemical control strategies. While biological resistance has been documented, less attention has been given to how communities interpret perceived declines in chemical effectiveness.

Objectives

To examine community perceptions of chemical malaria control, patterns of antimalarial drug use, and awareness of insecticide resistance in selected endemic Nigerian communities.

Methods

A convergent mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitative data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of 1,378 respondents via stratified random sampling across rural, semi-urban, and urban settings. Binary logistic regression assessed predictors of regular ITN use. Qualitative data were generated through 20 in-depth interviews and four focus group. discussions, analyzed thematically.

Results

Awareness of ITNs (78.6%) and antimalarial drugs (81.9%) was high, yet consistent utilization was uneven. Urban residence (OR = 1.87) and tertiary education (OR = 2.14) significantly predicted regular ITN use (p < 0.001). Self-medication (61.5%) and incomplete dosage adherence (43.8%) were prevalent. Over half perceived declining drug (59.8%) and insecticide (54.6%) effectiveness. This study examines community perceptions of declining effectiveness as socially consequential realities.

Conclusion

Chemical malaria control operates within socially mediated contexts. Sustainable intervention requires integration of biomedical efficacy with community perceptions, structural inequalities, and patterned health practices.