Chemical Malaria Control and Social Realities: A Sociological Examination of Community Perceptions, Drug-Use Practices, and Insecticide Resistance in Endemic Nigerian Communities
摘要
Malaria remains endemic in Nigeria despite sustained deployment of chemical control strategies. While biological resistance has been documented, less attention has been given to how communities interpret perceived declines in chemical effectiveness.
ObjectivesTo examine community perceptions of chemical malaria control, patterns of antimalarial drug use, and awareness of insecticide resistance in selected endemic Nigerian communities.
MethodsA convergent mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitative data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of 1,378 respondents via stratified random sampling across rural, semi-urban, and urban settings. Binary logistic regression assessed predictors of regular ITN use. Qualitative data were generated through 20 in-depth interviews and four focus group. discussions, analyzed thematically.
ResultsAwareness of ITNs (78.6%) and antimalarial drugs (81.9%) was high, yet consistent utilization was uneven. Urban residence (OR = 1.87) and tertiary education (OR = 2.14) significantly predicted regular ITN use (p < 0.001). Self-medication (61.5%) and incomplete dosage adherence (43.8%) were prevalent. Over half perceived declining drug (59.8%) and insecticide (54.6%) effectiveness. This study examines community perceptions of declining effectiveness as socially consequential realities.
ConclusionChemical malaria control operates within socially mediated contexts. Sustainable intervention requires integration of biomedical efficacy with community perceptions, structural inequalities, and patterned health practices.