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Background and Objectives <p>Malaria remains a major global health challenge, with 282&#xa0;million cases globally in 2024, and over 610,000 deaths annually, with Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) contributing to 94% of mortality. Growing drug resistance and health inequity have limited the current interventions in malaria management, and have led to the development of malaria vaccines “RTS, S/AS01 (Mosquirix)” and “R21/Matrix-M”. However, widespread implementation of these vaccines is hindered by factors such as disparity between demand and supply, high cost of procurement, and impaired cold-chain system in SSA. This review aims to critically examine the structural, economic, logistical, and socio-cultural barriers affecting the global distribution and equitable access to malaria vaccines, particularly in high-burden areas.</p> Methods <p>This narrative review employed structured search databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, AJOL, Scopus, and Global Health Observatory (GHO). Search terms integrated keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) such as: " <i>Malaria Vaccines</i>,” " <i>Vaccine Distribution</i>,” " <i>Health Equity</i>,” " <i>Access to Health Services</i>,” and “<i>Africa</i>.” Boolean operators (AND, OR) were used to modify the search strategy. Included studies were published between the year 2007 and 2026 in English.</p> Results <p>The advent of malaria vaccines represents a pivotal advancement, due to the potential transformation of global health outcomes. Efficient vaccination requires logistic stability, adequate cold-chain systems, and health policies. However, the implementation remains obscured as the regions with the greatest prevalence (LMICs) of malaria possess weaker health infrastructure. In addition, systemic barriers such as limited funding and production capacity further burden the system, in addition to coexisting local challenges like vaccine hesitancy, amongst others.</p> Conclusion <p>In conclusion, while malaria vaccine development offers a new platform for prevention, there is a need to ensure equitable access via strengthening global vaccine manufacturing capacity, prioritizing allocation, public health education, and enhancing health surveillance and data systems.</p>

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Challenges in Global Distribution and Equitable Access to Malaria Vaccines: A Narrative Review of Evidence from Malaria-Endemic Regions in Sub-Saharan Africa

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月19日

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  • Emmanuel Oyedeji Oyetola,
  • Habiblah Ayomide Jagunmolu,
  • Kamil Adeniran Ajagbe,
  • Oluwatomisin Priscilla Ogunsola,
  • Rebecca Opeyemi Adeyemo,
  • Samuel Oyeponle Oyelude,
  • Precious Adegbosin,
  • Ajibola Odetoyinbo,
  • Rufus Adeabayo Ibironke,
  • Yusuff Abiola Lawal

摘要

Background and Objectives

Malaria remains a major global health challenge, with 282 million cases globally in 2024, and over 610,000 deaths annually, with Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) contributing to 94% of mortality. Growing drug resistance and health inequity have limited the current interventions in malaria management, and have led to the development of malaria vaccines “RTS, S/AS01 (Mosquirix)” and “R21/Matrix-M”. However, widespread implementation of these vaccines is hindered by factors such as disparity between demand and supply, high cost of procurement, and impaired cold-chain system in SSA. This review aims to critically examine the structural, economic, logistical, and socio-cultural barriers affecting the global distribution and equitable access to malaria vaccines, particularly in high-burden areas.

Methods

This narrative review employed structured search databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, AJOL, Scopus, and Global Health Observatory (GHO). Search terms integrated keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) such as: " Malaria Vaccines,” " Vaccine Distribution,” " Health Equity,” " Access to Health Services,” and “Africa.” Boolean operators (AND, OR) were used to modify the search strategy. Included studies were published between the year 2007 and 2026 in English.

Results

The advent of malaria vaccines represents a pivotal advancement, due to the potential transformation of global health outcomes. Efficient vaccination requires logistic stability, adequate cold-chain systems, and health policies. However, the implementation remains obscured as the regions with the greatest prevalence (LMICs) of malaria possess weaker health infrastructure. In addition, systemic barriers such as limited funding and production capacity further burden the system, in addition to coexisting local challenges like vaccine hesitancy, amongst others.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while malaria vaccine development offers a new platform for prevention, there is a need to ensure equitable access via strengthening global vaccine manufacturing capacity, prioritizing allocation, public health education, and enhancing health surveillance and data systems.