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Background <p>Dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN) refers to benign epidermal tumors with euchromatic or hyperpigmented papules (1–5 mm) typically seen in Fitzpatrick skin phototypes IV–VI. DPN severity varies, with patients having fewer than 10 to over 100 lesions. This study describes the clinical characteristics of DPN and examines factors influencing severity.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional study included 106 healthy individuals of African descent with DPN on the face, neck, and upper trunk. Clinical diagnosis was supported by dermoscopy. Lesions were counted and classified as mild (&lt; 40), moderate (41–100), or severe (&gt; 100). Pearson correlation and multinomial logistic regression assessed severity-related factors.</p> Results <p>The study included more females (91) than males (15), with a mean age of 45.93 years (95% CI: 44.01–47.86). The mean lesion duration was 13.2 years (95% CI: 11.2–15.2). Participants had Monk Skin Tone (MST) scales from 5 to 9, and 62.3% had a first-degree relative with DPN. The median (IQR) lesion count was 76 (36.5–128.5), ranging from 4 to 519. Lesions appeared as cerebriform papules, dark brown in lighter skin tones and black in darker tones. Severity was significantly associated with sex (<i>p</i> = 0.006), lesion duration (<i>p</i> = 0.004), skin-whitening cream use (<i>p</i> = 0.02), and skin tone (<i>p</i> = 0.04), but not with age (<i>p</i> = 0.4), family history (<i>p</i> = 0.6), or pregnancy frequency (<i>p</i> = 0.17).</p> Conclusion <p>DPN consists of multiple cerebriform papules, primarily on the face and neck of individuals with MST 5 to 9. Severity correlates with sex, skin tone, lesion duration, and skin-whitening cream use.</p>

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Clinical Profile and Factors Associated with Severity of Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra among Africans

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月26日

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  • Perpetua U. Ibekwe,
  • L. Atsen,
  • S. Ahmad,
  • O. Akor,
  • G. A. Otokpa,
  • B. A. Ukonu

摘要

Background

Dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN) refers to benign epidermal tumors with euchromatic or hyperpigmented papules (1–5 mm) typically seen in Fitzpatrick skin phototypes IV–VI. DPN severity varies, with patients having fewer than 10 to over 100 lesions. This study describes the clinical characteristics of DPN and examines factors influencing severity.

Methods

A cross-sectional study included 106 healthy individuals of African descent with DPN on the face, neck, and upper trunk. Clinical diagnosis was supported by dermoscopy. Lesions were counted and classified as mild (< 40), moderate (41–100), or severe (> 100). Pearson correlation and multinomial logistic regression assessed severity-related factors.

Results

The study included more females (91) than males (15), with a mean age of 45.93 years (95% CI: 44.01–47.86). The mean lesion duration was 13.2 years (95% CI: 11.2–15.2). Participants had Monk Skin Tone (MST) scales from 5 to 9, and 62.3% had a first-degree relative with DPN. The median (IQR) lesion count was 76 (36.5–128.5), ranging from 4 to 519. Lesions appeared as cerebriform papules, dark brown in lighter skin tones and black in darker tones. Severity was significantly associated with sex (p = 0.006), lesion duration (p = 0.004), skin-whitening cream use (p = 0.02), and skin tone (p = 0.04), but not with age (p = 0.4), family history (p = 0.6), or pregnancy frequency (p = 0.17).

Conclusion

DPN consists of multiple cerebriform papules, primarily on the face and neck of individuals with MST 5 to 9. Severity correlates with sex, skin tone, lesion duration, and skin-whitening cream use.