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Background <p>The neuronal cytoskeleton, comprising intermediate filaments like peripherin (PRPH), is essential for maintaining neuronal morphology, axonal integrity, and intracellular transport. While critical for healthy neurite outgrowth, peripherin’s dysregulation is increasingly implicated in neurodegenerative conditions, notably Alzheimer’s disease (AD), where it contributes to cytoskeletal disruptions and pathological hallmark formation.</p> Objective <p>This comprehensive review examines the multifaceted role of peripherin in neurodegenerative diseases (AD, Parkinson’s disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) and evaluates its emerging potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker based on existing preclinical and clinical findings, highlighting peripherin’s potential for early, non-invasive diagnosis and therapeutic targeting.</p> Results <p>We synthesize current literature demonstrating that peripherin’s aberrant expression, dysregulation, and specific post-translational modifications (PTMs) significantly contribute to the cytoskeletal pathology and impaired axonal integrity observed in neurodegenerative conditions, particularly AD. These findings indicate that its dysregulation is a central feature of axonal distress. Elevated peripherin levels are detectable in peripheral biofluids (e.g., serum), positioning it as a promising non-invasive indicator of neuronal injury. However, challenges remain regarding assay sensitivity and specificity, the imperative for extensive clinical validation across diverse patient cohorts, and its strategic integration into comprehensive diagnostic panels.</p> Conclusion <p>Peripherin holds substantial promise as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and potentially a therapeutic target, for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by axonal damage. Its emerging translational relevance underscores the need to optimize detection platforms and validate its utility for early disease identification and therapeutic intervention. Further research refining detection methodologies and elucidating its precise mechanisms is crucial for developing innovative diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.</p>

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Peripherin as a Biomarker in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Exploring its Role in Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月24日

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  • Esthinsheen Osirim,
  • Mega Obukohwo Oyowvi

摘要

Background

The neuronal cytoskeleton, comprising intermediate filaments like peripherin (PRPH), is essential for maintaining neuronal morphology, axonal integrity, and intracellular transport. While critical for healthy neurite outgrowth, peripherin’s dysregulation is increasingly implicated in neurodegenerative conditions, notably Alzheimer’s disease (AD), where it contributes to cytoskeletal disruptions and pathological hallmark formation.

Objective

This comprehensive review examines the multifaceted role of peripherin in neurodegenerative diseases (AD, Parkinson’s disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) and evaluates its emerging potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker based on existing preclinical and clinical findings, highlighting peripherin’s potential for early, non-invasive diagnosis and therapeutic targeting.

Results

We synthesize current literature demonstrating that peripherin’s aberrant expression, dysregulation, and specific post-translational modifications (PTMs) significantly contribute to the cytoskeletal pathology and impaired axonal integrity observed in neurodegenerative conditions, particularly AD. These findings indicate that its dysregulation is a central feature of axonal distress. Elevated peripherin levels are detectable in peripheral biofluids (e.g., serum), positioning it as a promising non-invasive indicator of neuronal injury. However, challenges remain regarding assay sensitivity and specificity, the imperative for extensive clinical validation across diverse patient cohorts, and its strategic integration into comprehensive diagnostic panels.

Conclusion

Peripherin holds substantial promise as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and potentially a therapeutic target, for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by axonal damage. Its emerging translational relevance underscores the need to optimize detection platforms and validate its utility for early disease identification and therapeutic intervention. Further research refining detection methodologies and elucidating its precise mechanisms is crucial for developing innovative diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.