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Introduction <p>Despite the increased prevalence of heart failure in low and middle-income countries, the burden and predictors of poor outcomes remain poorly understood, especially in Nigeria. This study aims to provide systematic evidence on the predictors and magnitude of poor HF outcomes in Nigerians with heart failure.</p> Methodology <p>Using a systematic review and meta-analysis, we identify, synthesize, and analyze data from existing literature on heart failure treatment outcomes in Nigeria. The methodology follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and adheres to a PROSPERO-registered protocol (<b>CRD42025623887</b>). A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed and gray literature was conducted across the following electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Nigerian Journals Online (NJOL), and African Journals Online (AJOL). Data extraction was done to determine the characteristics, outcomes, and predictors of outcomes in heart failure studies in Nigeria.</p> Results <p>Seven (7) studies were included, with a total sample size of 1151, comprising 50.13% females and 49.87% males. The mean age of the participants is 53.55 (6.44). Meta-analysis of four studies that reported comorbidities to extrapolate their frequency of occurrence showed that hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the two statistically significant comorbid conditions seen in heart failure, with a pooled prevalence of 79.51% (95% CI 63.12—92.04%) and 14.61% (95% CI 9.01—21.25%), respectively. There was significant heterogeneity across the studies, with I<sup>2</sup> of 73.92%. Meta-analysis of 3 studies showed ACEIs/ARBs and aldosterone antagonists have the highest statistically significant frequency of usage among other drugs, such as loop diuretics, digitalis, and beta-blockers. Only two studies reported factors contributing to poor outcomes in heart failure management in Nigeria. The factors with their pooled prevalence were infection (51.3%), community-acquired pneumonia (40.8%), arrhythmia (25.0%), and poor drug compliance (5.3%).</p> Conclusion <p>The magnitude of poor heart failure treatment was found to be high, with infection, community-acquired pneumonia, arrhythmia, and poor drug compliance found to be the predictors of poor outcomes. Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus were found to be significant comorbidities in heart failure. Understanding the burden and predictors of poor heart failure treatment outcomes is an essential step in improving prognosis, as several pitfalls are identified and ameliorated.</p>

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Magnitude and Predictors of Poor Heart Failure Treatment Outcomes in Nigeria: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月29日

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  • Adeseye Akintunde,
  • Victor Oluwatomiwa Ajekiigbe,
  • Ikponmwosa Jude Ogieuhi,
  • Chidera Stanley Anthony,
  • Samson Adedeji Afolabi,
  • Adetola Emmanuel Babalola,
  • Kehinde Paul Alare,
  • Abdulrahmon Moradeyo,
  • Kaleb Fetene Lema,
  • Chinonyelum Emmanuel Agbo,
  • Oluwafemi Isaiah Ajimotokan

摘要

Introduction

Despite the increased prevalence of heart failure in low and middle-income countries, the burden and predictors of poor outcomes remain poorly understood, especially in Nigeria. This study aims to provide systematic evidence on the predictors and magnitude of poor HF outcomes in Nigerians with heart failure.

Methodology

Using a systematic review and meta-analysis, we identify, synthesize, and analyze data from existing literature on heart failure treatment outcomes in Nigeria. The methodology follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and adheres to a PROSPERO-registered protocol (CRD42025623887). A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed and gray literature was conducted across the following electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Nigerian Journals Online (NJOL), and African Journals Online (AJOL). Data extraction was done to determine the characteristics, outcomes, and predictors of outcomes in heart failure studies in Nigeria.

Results

Seven (7) studies were included, with a total sample size of 1151, comprising 50.13% females and 49.87% males. The mean age of the participants is 53.55 (6.44). Meta-analysis of four studies that reported comorbidities to extrapolate their frequency of occurrence showed that hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the two statistically significant comorbid conditions seen in heart failure, with a pooled prevalence of 79.51% (95% CI 63.12—92.04%) and 14.61% (95% CI 9.01—21.25%), respectively. There was significant heterogeneity across the studies, with I2 of 73.92%. Meta-analysis of 3 studies showed ACEIs/ARBs and aldosterone antagonists have the highest statistically significant frequency of usage among other drugs, such as loop diuretics, digitalis, and beta-blockers. Only two studies reported factors contributing to poor outcomes in heart failure management in Nigeria. The factors with their pooled prevalence were infection (51.3%), community-acquired pneumonia (40.8%), arrhythmia (25.0%), and poor drug compliance (5.3%).

Conclusion

The magnitude of poor heart failure treatment was found to be high, with infection, community-acquired pneumonia, arrhythmia, and poor drug compliance found to be the predictors of poor outcomes. Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus were found to be significant comorbidities in heart failure. Understanding the burden and predictors of poor heart failure treatment outcomes is an essential step in improving prognosis, as several pitfalls are identified and ameliorated.