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<p>Sudden cardiac death is a leading cause of mortality globally, and the use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) is necessary in preventing mortality in high-risk patients. However, using traditional ICDs has not been without hurdles and complications; hence, the advent of extravascular implantable cardioverter defibrillators. This narrative review aims to elucidate what is currently known about the use of EV-ICDs, including their potential benefits and limitations. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using Google Scholar and PubMed, focusing on articles published over the last decade regarding EV-ICDs in various patient populations worldwide. The review highlighted that EV-ICDs provided substantial advantages in high-risk patients with poor venous access and reduced the risk of lead-related complications like venous occlusion, infections, and thrombosis associated with traditional ICDs. However, issues related to a lack of familiarity among many healthcare professionals, potential difficulty in properly placing the device in the substernal region in patients with anatomical abnormalities or prior surgeries affecting the chest, and high cost can slow adoption. The use of EV-ICDs offers a promising and game-changing alternative for patients who are ineligible for transvenous and subcutaneous ICDs. Further studies are necessary to establish long-term outcomes and optimize the device.</p>

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Advancing Cardiac Care: A Narrative Review on the Promise of the Extravascular Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月23日

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  • Ikponmwosa Jude Ogieuhi,
  • Ahmad M. Abdelkhalek,
  • Chidera Stanley Anthony,
  • Samuel Taiwo Ajewole,
  • Adeyemi Ogedengbe Omoge,
  • Victor Oluwatomiwa Ajekiigbe,
  • Weam Salih Abdallah,
  • Nsikan Emmanuel,
  • Esther Bajo Tetteh

摘要

Sudden cardiac death is a leading cause of mortality globally, and the use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) is necessary in preventing mortality in high-risk patients. However, using traditional ICDs has not been without hurdles and complications; hence, the advent of extravascular implantable cardioverter defibrillators. This narrative review aims to elucidate what is currently known about the use of EV-ICDs, including their potential benefits and limitations. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using Google Scholar and PubMed, focusing on articles published over the last decade regarding EV-ICDs in various patient populations worldwide. The review highlighted that EV-ICDs provided substantial advantages in high-risk patients with poor venous access and reduced the risk of lead-related complications like venous occlusion, infections, and thrombosis associated with traditional ICDs. However, issues related to a lack of familiarity among many healthcare professionals, potential difficulty in properly placing the device in the substernal region in patients with anatomical abnormalities or prior surgeries affecting the chest, and high cost can slow adoption. The use of EV-ICDs offers a promising and game-changing alternative for patients who are ineligible for transvenous and subcutaneous ICDs. Further studies are necessary to establish long-term outcomes and optimize the device.