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Background <p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, frequently linked to chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, mediates hepatic inflammation, stimulates neovascularization, and enhances tumor aggressiveness. Genetic variation in the IL-1β promoter region, particularly the -511 C/T polymorphism, has been proposed to influence susceptibility to HCC, though published data are conflicting.</p> Objective <p>This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between IL-1β (-511 C/T) polymorphism, circulating IL-1β concentrations, and the development of HCC among patients with chronic HCV infection.</p> Methods <p>Ninety volunteers were enrolled and categorized into three groups: 30 controls <b>(Group I),</b> 30 HCV + patients without HCC (<b>Group II),</b> and 30 HCV + with HCC patients (<b>Group III</b>). The IL-1β (-511 C/T) polymorphism was identified through PCR-based analysis, and circulating IL-1β levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassays.</p> Results <p>A significant increase in IL-1B (-511) T allele frequency in group II and III HCV patients than controls (<i>n</i> = 26 (43.5%), <i>n</i> = 39(65.5%), and <i>n</i> = 8(13.5%), respectively, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), odds ratio (OR) = 4.97 (1.87- 13.61) and 12.07 (4.47- 33.7) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), respectively). C allele frequency was significantly lower in group II and group III than in controls (<i>n</i> = 34(56.5%), <i>n</i> = 21(34.5%), and <i>n</i> = 52 (86.5%), respectively, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). IL-1β serum levels were significantly increased in patients compared to controls, with more increase in group III than group II (t = 13.69, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001). TT and CT genotypes have increased IL-1β levels than CC carriers<i>.</i></p> Conclusion <p>The IL-1β (-511 C/T) polymorphism is associated with elevated IL-1β levels<b>,</b> contributing to an increased risk of HCC in HCV-infected Egyptian patients.</p>

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Association of IL-1β (-511 C/T) Polymorphism with Elevated Serum IL-1β Levels and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in HCV-Infected Patients

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月20日

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  • Amal Mohamad Husein Mackawy

摘要

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, frequently linked to chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, mediates hepatic inflammation, stimulates neovascularization, and enhances tumor aggressiveness. Genetic variation in the IL-1β promoter region, particularly the -511 C/T polymorphism, has been proposed to influence susceptibility to HCC, though published data are conflicting.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between IL-1β (-511 C/T) polymorphism, circulating IL-1β concentrations, and the development of HCC among patients with chronic HCV infection.

Methods

Ninety volunteers were enrolled and categorized into three groups: 30 controls (Group I), 30 HCV + patients without HCC (Group II), and 30 HCV + with HCC patients (Group III). The IL-1β (-511 C/T) polymorphism was identified through PCR-based analysis, and circulating IL-1β levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassays.

Results

A significant increase in IL-1B (-511) T allele frequency in group II and III HCV patients than controls (n = 26 (43.5%), n = 39(65.5%), and n = 8(13.5%), respectively, P < 0.001), odds ratio (OR) = 4.97 (1.87- 13.61) and 12.07 (4.47- 33.7) (p < 0.05), respectively). C allele frequency was significantly lower in group II and group III than in controls (n = 34(56.5%), n = 21(34.5%), and n = 52 (86.5%), respectively, p < 0.001). IL-1β serum levels were significantly increased in patients compared to controls, with more increase in group III than group II (t = 13.69, P < 0.0001). TT and CT genotypes have increased IL-1β levels than CC carriers.

Conclusion

The IL-1β (-511 C/T) polymorphism is associated with elevated IL-1β levels, contributing to an increased risk of HCC in HCV-infected Egyptian patients.