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Background <p>Sleep bruxism (SB) is a repetitive jaw-muscle activity during sleep, with multifactorial etiology including neurochemical, psychological, and physiological factors. Dopamine and COMT play roles in motor control, pain perception, and stress regulation.</p> Objective <p>To compare serum dopamine and COMT levels in patients with SB and healthy controls, while evaluating psychological stress, anxiety, sleep quality, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional study included 130 participants (65 SB patients, 65 controls). SB was diagnosed clinically based on a&#xa0;history of sleep bruxism for ≥ 6&#xa0;months and signs such as tooth wear, scalloped tongue, prominent cheek lines, masticatory muscle fatigue, and morning joint noises. Psychological and sleep evaluations were conducted using HAM-A, PSS-4, PSQI, and STOP-Bang questionnaires.&#xa0;Blood samples were collected fasting in the morning; serum dopamine and COMT levels were measured via ELISA.&#xa0;Statistical analyses included t-tests, Chi-square, Pearson, and point-biserial correlations.</p> Results <p>A total of 111 samples were analyzed. Mean dopamine (38.8 ± 4.3 vs. 43.9 ± 4.8&#xa0;ng/mL, <i>P</i> = 0.427) and COMT levels (13.9 ± 1.2 vs. 13.0 ± 1.1&#xa0;ng/mL, <i>P</i> = 0.607) showed no significant differences between SB patients and controls. SB patients exhibited higher anxiety and stress scores, poorer sleep quality, and a greater risk of OSA (34% vs. 12.1%, <i>P</i> = 0.006). A significant negative correlation was found between COMT levels and STOP-Bang scores (<i>r</i> = −0.23, <i>P</i> = 0.015).</p> Conclusions <p>Peripheral dopamine and COMT levels may not reliably indicate SB, suggesting central neurochemical mechanisms are more relevant. Psychological factors and sleep quality are significantly associated with SB. Future studies should employ standardized diagnostic tools (e.g., STAB) and objective recordings (e.g., polysomnography) to clarify neurochemical contributions.</p>

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Assessment of Serum Dopamine and Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Levels in Patients with Sleep Parafunction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月18日

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  • Azamsadat Madani,
  • Hooman Keshavarz,
  • Farzad Akbarzadeh,
  • Amirtaher Mirmortazavi,
  • Ala Ghazi,
  • Fatemeh Mohammadi Yekta,
  • Mahdi Fooladi,
  • Ali Khaje-Alizade

摘要

Background

Sleep bruxism (SB) is a repetitive jaw-muscle activity during sleep, with multifactorial etiology including neurochemical, psychological, and physiological factors. Dopamine and COMT play roles in motor control, pain perception, and stress regulation.

Objective

To compare serum dopamine and COMT levels in patients with SB and healthy controls, while evaluating psychological stress, anxiety, sleep quality, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 130 participants (65 SB patients, 65 controls). SB was diagnosed clinically based on a history of sleep bruxism for ≥ 6 months and signs such as tooth wear, scalloped tongue, prominent cheek lines, masticatory muscle fatigue, and morning joint noises. Psychological and sleep evaluations were conducted using HAM-A, PSS-4, PSQI, and STOP-Bang questionnaires. Blood samples were collected fasting in the morning; serum dopamine and COMT levels were measured via ELISA. Statistical analyses included t-tests, Chi-square, Pearson, and point-biserial correlations.

Results

A total of 111 samples were analyzed. Mean dopamine (38.8 ± 4.3 vs. 43.9 ± 4.8 ng/mL, P = 0.427) and COMT levels (13.9 ± 1.2 vs. 13.0 ± 1.1 ng/mL, P = 0.607) showed no significant differences between SB patients and controls. SB patients exhibited higher anxiety and stress scores, poorer sleep quality, and a greater risk of OSA (34% vs. 12.1%, P = 0.006). A significant negative correlation was found between COMT levels and STOP-Bang scores (r = −0.23, P = 0.015).

Conclusions

Peripheral dopamine and COMT levels may not reliably indicate SB, suggesting central neurochemical mechanisms are more relevant. Psychological factors and sleep quality are significantly associated with SB. Future studies should employ standardized diagnostic tools (e.g., STAB) and objective recordings (e.g., polysomnography) to clarify neurochemical contributions.