Background/objective <p>In 2021, the age-adjusted prevalence of female infertility was 2764.62 per 100,000 individuals. Studies show that anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a key marker of ovarian reserve, declines with age in both fertile and infertile women. However, it remains uncertain whether the relationship between age and baseline AMH and other ovarian reserve hormones levels differ between infertile women who achieve pregnancy and those who do not after undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional study at The Chosen Hospital and Fertility Centre in Accra, Ghana, included 206 infertile women between January 2024 and March 2025. Participants were divided into pregnant (134, 65%) and non-pregnant (72, 35%) groups following ART&#xa0;procedure. Age at sampling was recorded, and venous blood samples&#xa0;were collected before the ART procedure on days 2–3 of the menstrual cycle. Baseline AMH and other ovarian reserve hormone levels were measured using the ELISA technique.</p> Results <p>Results show that differences in ovarian reserve&#xa0;hormone levels between the groups were not statistically significant, even after adjusting for blood pressure (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.050). Age showed an inverse correlation with AMH in both pregnant (<i>r</i> =  − 0.54, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.010) and non-pregnant (<i>r</i> =  − 0.50, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.010) women. This relationship remained significant after adjusting for blood pressure in both pregnant (<i>r</i><sub>p</sub> =  − 0.39, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.010) and non-pregnant (<i>r</i><sub>p</sub> =  − 0.45, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.010) women. The non-pregnant women had significantly higher systolic (132.4 ± 23.6 vs. 121.9 ± 19.2, <i>P</i> = 0.020) and diastolic (92.1 ± 13.3 vs. 86.6 ± 11.8, <i>P</i> = 0.036) blood pressure than the pregnant women.</p> Conclusions <p>Baseline AMH level is inversely correlated with age in infertile women with or without conception following ART&#xa0;procedure.</p>

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Correlation Between Age and Baseline Ovarian Reserve Hormones Among Infertile Women with and Without Pregnancy Following Assisted Reproductive Technology Procedures

  • Issac Kofi Adu,
  • Victor Boachie Owusu,
  • Eric K. Amoako,
  • Gordon N. A. Attoh,
  • Emmanuel K. Asiedu,
  • Moses Banyeh,
  • Nafiu Amidu

摘要

Background/objective

In 2021, the age-adjusted prevalence of female infertility was 2764.62 per 100,000 individuals. Studies show that anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a key marker of ovarian reserve, declines with age in both fertile and infertile women. However, it remains uncertain whether the relationship between age and baseline AMH and other ovarian reserve hormones levels differ between infertile women who achieve pregnancy and those who do not after undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures.

Methods

This cross-sectional study at The Chosen Hospital and Fertility Centre in Accra, Ghana, included 206 infertile women between January 2024 and March 2025. Participants were divided into pregnant (134, 65%) and non-pregnant (72, 35%) groups following ART procedure. Age at sampling was recorded, and venous blood samples were collected before the ART procedure on days 2–3 of the menstrual cycle. Baseline AMH and other ovarian reserve hormone levels were measured using the ELISA technique.

Results

Results show that differences in ovarian reserve hormone levels between the groups were not statistically significant, even after adjusting for blood pressure (P ≥ 0.050). Age showed an inverse correlation with AMH in both pregnant (r =  − 0.54, P < 0.010) and non-pregnant (r =  − 0.50, P < 0.010) women. This relationship remained significant after adjusting for blood pressure in both pregnant (rp =  − 0.39, P < 0.010) and non-pregnant (rp =  − 0.45, P < 0.010) women. The non-pregnant women had significantly higher systolic (132.4 ± 23.6 vs. 121.9 ± 19.2, P = 0.020) and diastolic (92.1 ± 13.3 vs. 86.6 ± 11.8, P = 0.036) blood pressure than the pregnant women.

Conclusions

Baseline AMH level is inversely correlated with age in infertile women with or without conception following ART procedure.