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<p>Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disease characterized by progressive inflammation. Even though the aetiology is unknown, genetic factors, environmental triggers, and a malfunctioning immunity in concert lead to chronic inflammation of hepatocytes which ultimately leads to hepatic fibrosis. We report a 50-year-old female patient who presented with jaundice and altered bowel habits. Significantly high peripheral blood eosinophils were noted. Her transaminase levels were elevated with the presence of hypergammaglobulinaemia and significantly high titres of antinuclear-antibody and anti-smooth muscle antibody. Bone marrow trephine biopsy was suggestive of a reactive cause and liver biopsy was compatible with AIH. AIH was diagnosed according to the revised original score for AIH in adults and the simplified AIH diagnostic criteria. The patient was successfully treated with prednisolone and azathioprine. This report highlights the importance of considering AIH in patients with evidence of hepatocellular injury with blood eosinophilia.</p>

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Peripheral Blood Eosinophilia: A Rare Presentation of Autoimmune Hepatitis — A Case Report

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月30日

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  • Gayashani Jayasinghe,
  • Madusha Wijethunga,
  • Mananjala Senanayake,
  • Shehan Silva

摘要

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disease characterized by progressive inflammation. Even though the aetiology is unknown, genetic factors, environmental triggers, and a malfunctioning immunity in concert lead to chronic inflammation of hepatocytes which ultimately leads to hepatic fibrosis. We report a 50-year-old female patient who presented with jaundice and altered bowel habits. Significantly high peripheral blood eosinophils were noted. Her transaminase levels were elevated with the presence of hypergammaglobulinaemia and significantly high titres of antinuclear-antibody and anti-smooth muscle antibody. Bone marrow trephine biopsy was suggestive of a reactive cause and liver biopsy was compatible with AIH. AIH was diagnosed according to the revised original score for AIH in adults and the simplified AIH diagnostic criteria. The patient was successfully treated with prednisolone and azathioprine. This report highlights the importance of considering AIH in patients with evidence of hepatocellular injury with blood eosinophilia.