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<p>Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare disease and an uncommon cause of ureteral obstruction leading to hydronephrosis and renal impairment. The majority of RPF cases are idiopathic, and a few can be secondary to malignancies, infections, radiation therapy, and drug toxicities. Infections like tuberculosis have been rarely associated with RPF. We describe a case of a young female who presented with low back ache, urinary hesitancy, and constitutional symptoms. Initial evaluation revealed bilateral hydronephrosis. On detailed work up and based on clinicoradiological and microbiological findings, she was diagnosed as a case of disseminated tuberculosis with retroperitoneal fibrosis. She was treated with bilateral DJ stent placement to relieve ureteric obstruction and was started on anti-tuberculous therapy (ATT), to which she responded well. This case report highlights the likely causal link between <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> infection and retroperitoneal fibrosis. It also emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and management of RPF to avoid irreversible end organ damage.</p>

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Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Secondary to Tuberculosis in a Young Female—A Case Report

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月21日

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  • Neeraj Sharma,
  • Robin Chaudhary,
  • Kunal Kumar,
  • Debasheesh SR Das,
  • Gagandeep Singh

摘要

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare disease and an uncommon cause of ureteral obstruction leading to hydronephrosis and renal impairment. The majority of RPF cases are idiopathic, and a few can be secondary to malignancies, infections, radiation therapy, and drug toxicities. Infections like tuberculosis have been rarely associated with RPF. We describe a case of a young female who presented with low back ache, urinary hesitancy, and constitutional symptoms. Initial evaluation revealed bilateral hydronephrosis. On detailed work up and based on clinicoradiological and microbiological findings, she was diagnosed as a case of disseminated tuberculosis with retroperitoneal fibrosis. She was treated with bilateral DJ stent placement to relieve ureteric obstruction and was started on anti-tuberculous therapy (ATT), to which she responded well. This case report highlights the likely causal link between Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and retroperitoneal fibrosis. It also emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and management of RPF to avoid irreversible end organ damage.