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<p>Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by the presence of proteinuria of ≥ 3,5&#xa0;g/24&#xa0;h, hypoalbuminemia &lt; 2.5&#xa0;g/dl, peripheral edema, and severe hyperlipidaemia. NS is associated with increased risk of deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and, consequently, pulmonary embolism (PE). We report a case of a severe PE in a young patient with NS, admitted to the Emergency Medicine Department of the University Hospital Sant’Andrea of Rome. The aim of this report is to allow a more comprehensive knowledge of the NS and its related PE highlighting both the risk of underdiagnosis and the need of a multidisciplinary approach by a team of different specialists. We also reviewed pathophysiology of hypercoagulability in NS characterized by the imbalance of prothrombotic and antithrombotic factors, and by impaired thrombolytic activities. A more complete knowledge of the clinical and laboratory features of NS and its related PE appears to be crucial for the early diagnosis and treatment.</p>

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Pulmonary Embolism in a Young Patient with Nephrotic Syndrome: A Case Report

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月15日

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  • A. Dulcetti,
  • C. Bruscia,
  • D. M. Malena,
  • G. Murante,
  • A. Angelino,
  • M. Rocchietti March,
  • B. Mariani,
  • B. Alfei,
  • A. Martocchia,
  • G. Sesti

摘要

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by the presence of proteinuria of ≥ 3,5 g/24 h, hypoalbuminemia < 2.5 g/dl, peripheral edema, and severe hyperlipidaemia. NS is associated with increased risk of deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and, consequently, pulmonary embolism (PE). We report a case of a severe PE in a young patient with NS, admitted to the Emergency Medicine Department of the University Hospital Sant’Andrea of Rome. The aim of this report is to allow a more comprehensive knowledge of the NS and its related PE highlighting both the risk of underdiagnosis and the need of a multidisciplinary approach by a team of different specialists. We also reviewed pathophysiology of hypercoagulability in NS characterized by the imbalance of prothrombotic and antithrombotic factors, and by impaired thrombolytic activities. A more complete knowledge of the clinical and laboratory features of NS and its related PE appears to be crucial for the early diagnosis and treatment.