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<p>The enduring presence of emerging pollutants, such as ciprofloxacin and other antibiotic residues, in surface water poses multifaceted threats by driving antimicrobial resistance in the environment. To attenuate such adverse effects, the effluents from pharmaceutical industries, hospitals, or domestic effluents are to be adequately treated before their discharge. In this study, Ag core–TiO<sub>2</sub> shell (Ag@TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanocomposite particles having a bandgap energy of 1.6 eV and an average particle size of 13.27 nm were synthesized. Photoluminescence spectral analysis showed their affinity to prevent electron-hole recombination. In the presence of Ag@TiO<sub>2,</sub> 91% of 10 mg/L ciprofloxacin could be degraded in 240 min with 1 g/L photocatalyst, and it showed higher visible light-driven photocatalytic activity than Degussa-P25. Ag@TiO<sub>2</sub> was also found to be solar light-active, degrading 83 % of ciprofloxacin. The visible- and natural-solar light-mediated photocatalytic reaction with Ag@TiO<sub>2</sub> as the catalyst followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Ag@TiO<sub>2</sub> can be utilized in the efficient degradation of ciprofloxacin, and solar light can be harnessed to make it an economically viable treatment method, thereby reducing environmental risks. This work aligns closely with three of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 7 (Clean and Affordable Energy), and SDG 13 (Climate Action) by offering a green, scalable solution to prevent antibiotic pollution.</p>

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Solar photocatalysis using Ag@TiO2 core-shell nanocomposite for the degradation of ciprofloxacin, an emerging water pollutant: a promising approach towards environmental sustainability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Preethi Shetty,
  • Vidya Shetty Kodialbail

摘要

The enduring presence of emerging pollutants, such as ciprofloxacin and other antibiotic residues, in surface water poses multifaceted threats by driving antimicrobial resistance in the environment. To attenuate such adverse effects, the effluents from pharmaceutical industries, hospitals, or domestic effluents are to be adequately treated before their discharge. In this study, Ag core–TiO2 shell (Ag@TiO2) nanocomposite particles having a bandgap energy of 1.6 eV and an average particle size of 13.27 nm were synthesized. Photoluminescence spectral analysis showed their affinity to prevent electron-hole recombination. In the presence of Ag@TiO2, 91% of 10 mg/L ciprofloxacin could be degraded in 240 min with 1 g/L photocatalyst, and it showed higher visible light-driven photocatalytic activity than Degussa-P25. Ag@TiO2 was also found to be solar light-active, degrading 83 % of ciprofloxacin. The visible- and natural-solar light-mediated photocatalytic reaction with Ag@TiO2 as the catalyst followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Ag@TiO2 can be utilized in the efficient degradation of ciprofloxacin, and solar light can be harnessed to make it an economically viable treatment method, thereby reducing environmental risks. This work aligns closely with three of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 7 (Clean and Affordable Energy), and SDG 13 (Climate Action) by offering a green, scalable solution to prevent antibiotic pollution.