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<p>Soil erosion, sediment export, and soil retention are significantly influenced by changes in land use and land cover (LULC), with direct implications for watershed stability and the provision of ecosystem services. Alterations in LULC-particularly deforestation and the expansion of agricultural land-can exacerbate soil degradation, thereby undermining long-term sustainability. This study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of soil loss, sediment export, and soil retention within the Upper Gilgel Abay watershed in Ethiopia, employing the InVEST Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) model for the periods 1986–2003 and 2003–2021. Model calibration against observed sediment yield data from 1997&#xa0;to 2007 demonstrated a strong correlation, with measured and modeled values closely aligned at 30.2&#xa0;t <sub>·</sub>ha⁻¹ <sub>·</sub>yr⁻¹ and 30&#xa0;t <sub>·</sub>ha⁻¹ <sub>·</sub>yr⁻¹, respectively. The results indicate that from 1986&#xa0;to 2003, the expansion of cultivated land occurred at the expense of forest, shrubland, grassland, and water bodies, resulting in increased soil loss and sediment export. In contrast, the 2003–2021 period saw a trend toward reforestation, contributing to reduced erosion and sediment transport. Although there was a marginal increase in soil retention capacity, the improvements were more substantial in areas with steeper topography, suggesting the need for supplementary soil conservation interventions to enhance long-term resilience. This study underscores the importance of integrated land management strategies-particularly in ecologically sensitive highland regions-to mitigate erosion, enhance soil retention, and promote sustainable land use under changing climatic conditions. The InVEST SDR model proves to be an effective tool for quantifying soil dynamics and informing evidence-based watershed management and conservation planning at both regional and global scales.</p>

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Assessing the dynamics of soil loss, sediment export and soil retention under land use land cover changes in the Upper Gilgel Abay watershed, Upper Blue Nile Basin: implications for land management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月9日

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  • Betelhem Fetene Admas,
  • Zara Teixeira,
  • Temesgen Gashaw Tarkegn,
  • Wassie Abuhay Aschenefe

摘要

Soil erosion, sediment export, and soil retention are significantly influenced by changes in land use and land cover (LULC), with direct implications for watershed stability and the provision of ecosystem services. Alterations in LULC-particularly deforestation and the expansion of agricultural land-can exacerbate soil degradation, thereby undermining long-term sustainability. This study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of soil loss, sediment export, and soil retention within the Upper Gilgel Abay watershed in Ethiopia, employing the InVEST Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) model for the periods 1986–2003 and 2003–2021. Model calibration against observed sediment yield data from 1997 to 2007 demonstrated a strong correlation, with measured and modeled values closely aligned at 30.2 t ·ha⁻¹ ·yr⁻¹ and 30 t ·ha⁻¹ ·yr⁻¹, respectively. The results indicate that from 1986 to 2003, the expansion of cultivated land occurred at the expense of forest, shrubland, grassland, and water bodies, resulting in increased soil loss and sediment export. In contrast, the 2003–2021 period saw a trend toward reforestation, contributing to reduced erosion and sediment transport. Although there was a marginal increase in soil retention capacity, the improvements were more substantial in areas with steeper topography, suggesting the need for supplementary soil conservation interventions to enhance long-term resilience. This study underscores the importance of integrated land management strategies-particularly in ecologically sensitive highland regions-to mitigate erosion, enhance soil retention, and promote sustainable land use under changing climatic conditions. The InVEST SDR model proves to be an effective tool for quantifying soil dynamics and informing evidence-based watershed management and conservation planning at both regional and global scales.