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<p>Profenofos, a widely used organophosphate insecticide, not only plays a critical role in pest management but also poses potential hazards to plant and soil health upon over-dose. This study investigated the effects of increasing dosages of profenofos-50% EC (PF-50% EC) on <i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr plants treated with three doses - recommended dose (RD), two times RD (2×RD), and four times RD (4×RD) - alongside an untreated control. Compared to RD and control treatments, higher dosages of profenofos (2×RD and 4×RD) had a negative impact on growth parameters, such as biomass, number of leaves, shoot and root length. At the highest dosage (4×RD), soil samples were examined to assess changes in microbial diversity and physicochemical characteristics. Elevated profenofos levels changed soil pH, increased electrical conductivity, and altered carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen content. Metagenomic investigation showed a considerable microbial change in treated soil, with an abundance of Firmicutes, Pseudomonadota and functional genes related to pesticide degradation. The results showed profenofos’ dose-dependent ecological impacts on plant morphology and soil microbial communities. This study emphasizes the need for sustainable pesticide practices to reduce negative environmental consequences and preserve soil health.</p>

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Elevated profenofos alters soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] morphology and soil microbes: a metagenomic investigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月8日

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  • Aman Raj,
  • Ashwani Kumar

摘要

Profenofos, a widely used organophosphate insecticide, not only plays a critical role in pest management but also poses potential hazards to plant and soil health upon over-dose. This study investigated the effects of increasing dosages of profenofos-50% EC (PF-50% EC) on Glycine max (L.) Merr plants treated with three doses - recommended dose (RD), two times RD (2×RD), and four times RD (4×RD) - alongside an untreated control. Compared to RD and control treatments, higher dosages of profenofos (2×RD and 4×RD) had a negative impact on growth parameters, such as biomass, number of leaves, shoot and root length. At the highest dosage (4×RD), soil samples were examined to assess changes in microbial diversity and physicochemical characteristics. Elevated profenofos levels changed soil pH, increased electrical conductivity, and altered carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen content. Metagenomic investigation showed a considerable microbial change in treated soil, with an abundance of Firmicutes, Pseudomonadota and functional genes related to pesticide degradation. The results showed profenofos’ dose-dependent ecological impacts on plant morphology and soil microbial communities. This study emphasizes the need for sustainable pesticide practices to reduce negative environmental consequences and preserve soil health.