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<p>The relation between bullying victimization and adverse outcomes has been examined extensively. However, fewer studies have been dedicated to the exploration of latent groups of victims and the comparison between concurrent and longitudinal effects of bullying victimization on adverse outcomes. This study examined patterns of polyvictimization of bullying and their concurrent as well as longitudinal effects, leveraging a highly diverse sample of 2313 youth (51.38% girls; ages 12–15&#xa0;years) from 36 Midwest middle schools. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed on relational, verbal, and cyber victimization, followed by linear regressions on the effects of victimization patterns on both current and future depression and school belonging. Youth who reported polyvictimization and high levels of relational victimization reported higher levels of depression and lower levels of school belonging concurrently. When using victimization profiles to predict future depression and school belonging, we found that only youth who experienced high levels of verbal and relational victimization have significantly different levels of depression and school belonging from their peers after 1&#xa0;year. While concurrent relations validated and mirrored that of existing literature, prospective relations were largely non-significant, suggesting complex temporal dynamics and possible development of resilience.</p>

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Latent Classes of Peer Victimization in Relation to Concurrent and Longitudinal Adjustment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月14日

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  • Lin Liu,
  • Sabina Low,
  • Dorothy L. Espelage

摘要

The relation between bullying victimization and adverse outcomes has been examined extensively. However, fewer studies have been dedicated to the exploration of latent groups of victims and the comparison between concurrent and longitudinal effects of bullying victimization on adverse outcomes. This study examined patterns of polyvictimization of bullying and their concurrent as well as longitudinal effects, leveraging a highly diverse sample of 2313 youth (51.38% girls; ages 12–15 years) from 36 Midwest middle schools. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed on relational, verbal, and cyber victimization, followed by linear regressions on the effects of victimization patterns on both current and future depression and school belonging. Youth who reported polyvictimization and high levels of relational victimization reported higher levels of depression and lower levels of school belonging concurrently. When using victimization profiles to predict future depression and school belonging, we found that only youth who experienced high levels of verbal and relational victimization have significantly different levels of depression and school belonging from their peers after 1 year. While concurrent relations validated and mirrored that of existing literature, prospective relations were largely non-significant, suggesting complex temporal dynamics and possible development of resilience.