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<p>This study examines the underlying factors contributing to multidimensional poverty among older individuals in Pakistan, with a focus on demographic, socio-economic, and health-related aspects. Despite the country’s shifting age structure, limited research has addressed the specific vulnerabilities faced by its elderly population. This analysis seeks to understand (1) the primary indicators and dimensions of poverty affecting older adults and (2) how the characteristics of the poor differ from those who are not poor, particularly in relation to gender, household composition, living arrangements, and place of residence.</p><p>The study draws on data from the Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement (PSLM) Survey 2019–20 and employs the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) framework, incorporating a range of indicators related to education, health, and living conditions, in line with the Alkire-Foster approach. A binary logistic regression model is used to identify the relationships between poverty status and key socio-economic and demographic variables.</p><p>Results show that poverty among older adults is strongly associated with limited access to education, poor health services, and inadequate living conditions. Gender disparities and rural–urban differences further compound these challenges, with rural residents and women facing higher risks of multidimensional deprivation. The findings highlight the gaps in existing support systems and stress the importance of inclusive policies that address the intersecting needs of older populations.</p><p>The study concludes that tailored interventions are essential to reduce poverty among older people in Pakistan and to promote their well-being in a context of demographic transition.</p>

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Poverty and older people in Pakistan: exploring the associations between the old age poverty and socio-economic and demographic indicators

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • Sabahat Hussain

摘要

This study examines the underlying factors contributing to multidimensional poverty among older individuals in Pakistan, with a focus on demographic, socio-economic, and health-related aspects. Despite the country’s shifting age structure, limited research has addressed the specific vulnerabilities faced by its elderly population. This analysis seeks to understand (1) the primary indicators and dimensions of poverty affecting older adults and (2) how the characteristics of the poor differ from those who are not poor, particularly in relation to gender, household composition, living arrangements, and place of residence.

The study draws on data from the Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement (PSLM) Survey 2019–20 and employs the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) framework, incorporating a range of indicators related to education, health, and living conditions, in line with the Alkire-Foster approach. A binary logistic regression model is used to identify the relationships between poverty status and key socio-economic and demographic variables.

Results show that poverty among older adults is strongly associated with limited access to education, poor health services, and inadequate living conditions. Gender disparities and rural–urban differences further compound these challenges, with rural residents and women facing higher risks of multidimensional deprivation. The findings highlight the gaps in existing support systems and stress the importance of inclusive policies that address the intersecting needs of older populations.

The study concludes that tailored interventions are essential to reduce poverty among older people in Pakistan and to promote their well-being in a context of demographic transition.