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<p><i>Colletotrichum falcatum</i> Went, causing red rot, remains the most destructive disease of sugarcane in India, with recurrent epidemics driven by the emergence of new virulent pathotypes. This study investigated the relationship between host genomic background and pathogenic virulence across seven major sugarcane cultivars: CoC 671, CoJ 64, BO 91, CoS 767, CoS 8436, Co 86032, and Co 0238, used as differentials. They were tested against diverse <i>C. falcatum</i> pathotypes and isolates at different subtropical locations from 2020–21 to 2023–2024. Correlation analysis of disease reactions revealed significant genetic clustering among the varieties (<i>r</i> = − 0.759 to + 0.703). The strongest positive correlation (<i>r</i> = 0.703) between Co 0238 and Co 86032 indicated a shared susceptibility spectrum derived from their common Co 775–POJ 2878–EK 28 ancestry, while their strong negative correlation with CoJ 64 (<i>r</i> = − 0.759 and − 0.597, respectively) reflected contrasting genomic backgrounds and pathogen recognition patterns. CoJ 64 and CoS 767, with greater introgression of <i>Saccharum spontaneum</i> and <i>S. barberi</i>, exhibited adaptive but intermediate resistance, whereas BO 91 and CoS 8436, possessing the broadest and most polygenic ancestry, showed stable resistance across all sites. These findings provide comprehensive evidence that host genomic architecture contributes to pathogen adaptation and virulence evolution in <i>C. falcatum</i>. Narrow genetic ancestry accelerates the emergence of specialized, highly virulent pathotypes (e.g., CF13), while diverse and balanced ancestry enhances resistance durability. The study emphasises the importance of expanding the genetic base of Indian sugarcane by incorporating wild and indigenous germplasm to ensure long-term stability against red rot under changing agro-ecological conditions.</p>

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Host genomic lineage shapes differential interactions between sugarcane cultivars and Colletotrichum falcatum pathotypes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • R. Viswanathan,
  • Chandramani Raj,
  • Sujeet Pratap Singh,
  • Dinesh Singh,
  • Y. P. Bharti,
  • M. L. Chhabra,
  • Anuradha Sharma,
  • Md. Minnatullah,
  • Rakesh Mehra,
  • Harvinder Singh Yadav

摘要

Colletotrichum falcatum Went, causing red rot, remains the most destructive disease of sugarcane in India, with recurrent epidemics driven by the emergence of new virulent pathotypes. This study investigated the relationship between host genomic background and pathogenic virulence across seven major sugarcane cultivars: CoC 671, CoJ 64, BO 91, CoS 767, CoS 8436, Co 86032, and Co 0238, used as differentials. They were tested against diverse C. falcatum pathotypes and isolates at different subtropical locations from 2020–21 to 2023–2024. Correlation analysis of disease reactions revealed significant genetic clustering among the varieties (r = − 0.759 to + 0.703). The strongest positive correlation (r = 0.703) between Co 0238 and Co 86032 indicated a shared susceptibility spectrum derived from their common Co 775–POJ 2878–EK 28 ancestry, while their strong negative correlation with CoJ 64 (r = − 0.759 and − 0.597, respectively) reflected contrasting genomic backgrounds and pathogen recognition patterns. CoJ 64 and CoS 767, with greater introgression of Saccharum spontaneum and S. barberi, exhibited adaptive but intermediate resistance, whereas BO 91 and CoS 8436, possessing the broadest and most polygenic ancestry, showed stable resistance across all sites. These findings provide comprehensive evidence that host genomic architecture contributes to pathogen adaptation and virulence evolution in C. falcatum. Narrow genetic ancestry accelerates the emergence of specialized, highly virulent pathotypes (e.g., CF13), while diverse and balanced ancestry enhances resistance durability. The study emphasises the importance of expanding the genetic base of Indian sugarcane by incorporating wild and indigenous germplasm to ensure long-term stability against red rot under changing agro-ecological conditions.