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<p>White root rot caused by <i>Dematophora necatrix</i> Hartig, poses a significant threat to apple production. This study evaluated long-term preservation methods for the pathogen and assessed disease management strategies. Among different substrates, apple pruning biomass (APB) cuttings stored at 4&#xa0;°C maintained the viability and pathogenicity of <i>D. necatrix</i> for up to 10 years. Furthermore, disease management strategies were systematically evaluated under laboratory, pot, and field conditions using botanicals, nutrients, and fungicides. In laboratory screening, only <i>Allium sativum</i> completely inhibited the mycelial growth, while none of the tested nutrient showed complete inhibition. Propiconazole (@ 1 mL L⁻¹water), propineb (@ 3&#xa0;g L⁻¹water), and a pre-mixture of propiconazole + difenoconazole (@ 1 mL L⁻¹ water) showed 100% inhibition of mycelial growth. In pot studies, the pre-mixture of propiconazole + difenoconazole exhibited the highest seedling survival rate (97.5%), followed by propiconazole + propineb (95%), propiconazole alone (90%) and propiconazole + a pre-mixture product of propiconazole + difenoconazole (90%). A pre-mixture of propiconazole + difenoconazole also outperformed other treatments, producing the highest plant height (15.24&#xa0;cm) and root volume (12.93 mL). Further, a field study was performed on four-year-old apple plants where a pre-mixture product of propiconazole + difenoconazole, <i>A. sativum</i> + propiconazole, <i>A. sativum</i> + a pre-mixture product of propiconazole + difenoconazole, and a combination product of propiconazole + propineb achieved 100% plant survival. Hence based on the present study for managing white root rot, farmers can use these combinations in rotation to avoid fungicide resistance.</p>

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Optimizing long-term preservation and management of Dematophora necatrix Hartig in apple

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Santosh Watpade,
  • Hema Kumari,
  • Dinesh Kumar,
  • Priyank H. Mhatre,
  • D. N. Borase,
  • Shalini Verma,
  • Rishav Kumar,
  • Esha Devi,
  • Dharam Pal

摘要

White root rot caused by Dematophora necatrix Hartig, poses a significant threat to apple production. This study evaluated long-term preservation methods for the pathogen and assessed disease management strategies. Among different substrates, apple pruning biomass (APB) cuttings stored at 4 °C maintained the viability and pathogenicity of D. necatrix for up to 10 years. Furthermore, disease management strategies were systematically evaluated under laboratory, pot, and field conditions using botanicals, nutrients, and fungicides. In laboratory screening, only Allium sativum completely inhibited the mycelial growth, while none of the tested nutrient showed complete inhibition. Propiconazole (@ 1 mL L⁻¹water), propineb (@ 3 g L⁻¹water), and a pre-mixture of propiconazole + difenoconazole (@ 1 mL L⁻¹ water) showed 100% inhibition of mycelial growth. In pot studies, the pre-mixture of propiconazole + difenoconazole exhibited the highest seedling survival rate (97.5%), followed by propiconazole + propineb (95%), propiconazole alone (90%) and propiconazole + a pre-mixture product of propiconazole + difenoconazole (90%). A pre-mixture of propiconazole + difenoconazole also outperformed other treatments, producing the highest plant height (15.24 cm) and root volume (12.93 mL). Further, a field study was performed on four-year-old apple plants where a pre-mixture product of propiconazole + difenoconazole, A. sativum + propiconazole, A. sativum + a pre-mixture product of propiconazole + difenoconazole, and a combination product of propiconazole + propineb achieved 100% plant survival. Hence based on the present study for managing white root rot, farmers can use these combinations in rotation to avoid fungicide resistance.