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<p>Wheat grain is the most commonly used substrate for oyster mushroom spawn production; however, increasing demand and climate-related constraints necessitate sustainable alternatives. The present study evaluated nutrient-enriched finger millet stem pellets (FSPs), an underutilized agro-residue, as an alternative spawn substrate for <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>. Six nutrient formulations, viz., glucose peptone yeast broth (GPYB), sucrose peptone yeast broth (SPYB), potato sucrose broth (PSB), potato dextrose broth (PDB), sucrose broth (SB), and dextrose broth (DB), were used for spawn development with FSPs and compared with conventional wheat grain spawn. Significant differences were observed among treatments for spawn development, mycelial growth, yield, biological efficiency, and economic return. Among the FSP-based formulations, PSB-enriched pellets (T3) recorded faster spawn formation (14.4 days), higher radial growth rate (0.75&#xa0;cm day⁻¹), and dense mycelial colonization. Under cultivation conditions, T3 produced 863.10&#xa0;g fresh mushroom yield with 86.31% biological efficiency, statistically comparable to wheat grain spawn (871.00&#xa0;g; 87.10% BE). SPYB-enriched pellets also supported vigorous mycelial growth, whereas SB- and DB-based formulations showed comparatively poor performance. Untreated pellets (without nutrient) exhibited rapid radial growth but sparse mycelial density, indicating nutrient-limited growth behavior. Economic analysis revealed that PSB-enriched pellet spawn produced superior net return and benefit: cost ratio during mushroom cultivation, with the highest B: C ratio (7.88) under in-house spawn conditions. Overall, nutrient-enriched finger millet stem pellets, particularly PSB-based formulations, can serve as sustainable and economically viable alternatives to wheat grain spawn while promoting sustainable utilization of agro-waste and reducing dependence on edible cereal grains.</p>

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Development of finger millet stem pellet spawn for oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Pankaj Kumar Mishra,
  • Swati Shabnam,
  • Mala Kumari,
  • Rajeev Kumar

摘要

Wheat grain is the most commonly used substrate for oyster mushroom spawn production; however, increasing demand and climate-related constraints necessitate sustainable alternatives. The present study evaluated nutrient-enriched finger millet stem pellets (FSPs), an underutilized agro-residue, as an alternative spawn substrate for Pleurotus ostreatus. Six nutrient formulations, viz., glucose peptone yeast broth (GPYB), sucrose peptone yeast broth (SPYB), potato sucrose broth (PSB), potato dextrose broth (PDB), sucrose broth (SB), and dextrose broth (DB), were used for spawn development with FSPs and compared with conventional wheat grain spawn. Significant differences were observed among treatments for spawn development, mycelial growth, yield, biological efficiency, and economic return. Among the FSP-based formulations, PSB-enriched pellets (T3) recorded faster spawn formation (14.4 days), higher radial growth rate (0.75 cm day⁻¹), and dense mycelial colonization. Under cultivation conditions, T3 produced 863.10 g fresh mushroom yield with 86.31% biological efficiency, statistically comparable to wheat grain spawn (871.00 g; 87.10% BE). SPYB-enriched pellets also supported vigorous mycelial growth, whereas SB- and DB-based formulations showed comparatively poor performance. Untreated pellets (without nutrient) exhibited rapid radial growth but sparse mycelial density, indicating nutrient-limited growth behavior. Economic analysis revealed that PSB-enriched pellet spawn produced superior net return and benefit: cost ratio during mushroom cultivation, with the highest B: C ratio (7.88) under in-house spawn conditions. Overall, nutrient-enriched finger millet stem pellets, particularly PSB-based formulations, can serve as sustainable and economically viable alternatives to wheat grain spawn while promoting sustainable utilization of agro-waste and reducing dependence on edible cereal grains.