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<p>Wilt and root rot diseases present a significant challenge in bell pepper cultivation due to their overlapping symptoms, complicating accurate diagnosis. The overreliance on synthetic fungicides and the absence of multiple host resistance further exacerbates the difficulty of sustainable disease management. This study aimed to identify soil-borne fungi associated with wilt and root rot, assess their relative frequency and evaluate the influence of biophysical factors on disease incidence in the subhumid western Himalayan region. Field surveys were conducted in 58 farmer fields across major bell pepper-producing blocks of Solan district, Himachal Pradesh, India, during the 2021 and 2022 cropping seasons. Pathogenicity tests and molecular analyses confirmed the presence of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>,<i> Fusarium solani</i>,<i> Rhizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i> as causal agents of wilt/ root rot. Out of these, <i>F. oxysporum</i> exhibited the higher median relative frequency of 48.70 per cent while <i>S. rolfsii</i> was the least prevalent (7.08%). Statistical modeling using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) identified planting time, soil type, altitude and crop growth stage as the most significant predictors of disease risk. Logistic regression analysis indicated that late planting time, heavy soil type, lower altitudes and crop phenology during flowering and fruiting predisposes the crop to higher disease risk. These findings highlight key factors influencing disease incidence, which could further aid in developing integrated disease management strategies.</p>

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Modeling the impact of biophysical factors on spatial distribution of wilt/root rot diseases of bell pepper: A case of subhumid western Himalayas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月8日

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  • Abhishek Sharma,
  • Arti Shukla,
  • Meenu Gupta,
  • Bhupesh Gupta,
  • Anurag Sharma,
  • Adikshita Sharma,
  • Mukesh Negi,
  • Meera Devi

摘要

Wilt and root rot diseases present a significant challenge in bell pepper cultivation due to their overlapping symptoms, complicating accurate diagnosis. The overreliance on synthetic fungicides and the absence of multiple host resistance further exacerbates the difficulty of sustainable disease management. This study aimed to identify soil-borne fungi associated with wilt and root rot, assess their relative frequency and evaluate the influence of biophysical factors on disease incidence in the subhumid western Himalayan region. Field surveys were conducted in 58 farmer fields across major bell pepper-producing blocks of Solan district, Himachal Pradesh, India, during the 2021 and 2022 cropping seasons. Pathogenicity tests and molecular analyses confirmed the presence of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii as causal agents of wilt/ root rot. Out of these, F. oxysporum exhibited the higher median relative frequency of 48.70 per cent while S. rolfsii was the least prevalent (7.08%). Statistical modeling using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) identified planting time, soil type, altitude and crop growth stage as the most significant predictors of disease risk. Logistic regression analysis indicated that late planting time, heavy soil type, lower altitudes and crop phenology during flowering and fruiting predisposes the crop to higher disease risk. These findings highlight key factors influencing disease incidence, which could further aid in developing integrated disease management strategies.