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<p>The study aimed to evaluate the pathogenic effects of <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> on ryegrass (<i>Lolium rigidum</i>), canary-grass (<i>Phalaris paradoxa</i>), cockspur grass (<i>Echinochloa crus-galli</i>), and red morningglory (<i>Ipomoea coccinea</i>) to assess its potential as a bioherbicide by comparing species-specific susceptibility and examining the impact on plant growth and biochemical composition. Sclerotia were introduced into autoclaved soil at a concentration of 12 sclerotia per kilogram. Weed seeds were surface-disinfected, pre-soaked, and germinated under controlled conditions. After a 30-day growth period, morpho-physiological parameters were measured, including leaf, stem, and root lengths, along with both fresh and dry biomass. Furthermore, the study evaluated leaf pigment concentrations, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and the free-radical scavenging activity of the plants. In <i>I. coccinea</i>, the observed symptoms included stunted growth, wilting, and the presence of dark gray leaf spots, which were accompanied by significant reductions in stem length, dry shoot weight, dry root weight, and fresh root weight by 49.12%, 50%, 65%, and 78.57%, respectively, compared to the control treatment. <i>L. rigidum</i> exhibited mild leaf tip desiccation and a significant 61.26% decrease in free radical scavenging activity relative to the control treatment. Infected <i>P. paradoxa</i> demonstrated a significant 70.10% reduction in total phenolic content and a 20% significant decrease in dry root weight compared to the control. Conversely, <i>E. crus-galli</i> showed no significant differences or symptoms compared to the control treatment. Therefore, <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> as a potential mycoherbicide highlights the varying susceptibility of weed species and its significant impacts on plant growth and biochemical composition.</p>

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Assessing Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary as a mycoherbicide: An under in vivo study of weed susceptibility and physiological responses

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月10日

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  • Sayed Rahman Samimi,
  • Kamran Rahnama,
  • Asieh Siahmarguee,
  • Nima Akbari Oghaz,
  • Sadegh Atashi

摘要

The study aimed to evaluate the pathogenic effects of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on ryegrass (Lolium rigidum), canary-grass (Phalaris paradoxa), cockspur grass (Echinochloa crus-galli), and red morningglory (Ipomoea coccinea) to assess its potential as a bioherbicide by comparing species-specific susceptibility and examining the impact on plant growth and biochemical composition. Sclerotia were introduced into autoclaved soil at a concentration of 12 sclerotia per kilogram. Weed seeds were surface-disinfected, pre-soaked, and germinated under controlled conditions. After a 30-day growth period, morpho-physiological parameters were measured, including leaf, stem, and root lengths, along with both fresh and dry biomass. Furthermore, the study evaluated leaf pigment concentrations, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and the free-radical scavenging activity of the plants. In I. coccinea, the observed symptoms included stunted growth, wilting, and the presence of dark gray leaf spots, which were accompanied by significant reductions in stem length, dry shoot weight, dry root weight, and fresh root weight by 49.12%, 50%, 65%, and 78.57%, respectively, compared to the control treatment. L. rigidum exhibited mild leaf tip desiccation and a significant 61.26% decrease in free radical scavenging activity relative to the control treatment. Infected P. paradoxa demonstrated a significant 70.10% reduction in total phenolic content and a 20% significant decrease in dry root weight compared to the control. Conversely, E. crus-galli showed no significant differences or symptoms compared to the control treatment. Therefore, S. sclerotiorum as a potential mycoherbicide highlights the varying susceptibility of weed species and its significant impacts on plant growth and biochemical composition.