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<p><i>Cuminum cyminum</i> L. is an essential commodity in Indian agriculture, as it is one of the most noticeable seed spice crops delivered, consumed, and traded from India. However, it is susceptible to several major diseases, including wilt and blight, that can cause significant losses in crop yield and quality. Wilt disease is caused by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp.<i>cumini -</i> a fungal pathogen that is prevalent worldwide. The present study was conducted to develop an eco-friendly management method for cumin wilt disease caused by <i>F. oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cumini</i>. This study involved the use of plant extracts of <i>Aegle marmelos</i> L. and <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. to test their in vitro antifungal activity against the plant pathogen <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cumini</i>. Preliminary phytochemical examination of all extracts revealed positive results for major phytoconstituents, such as phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. The extracts were tested at various concentrations to assess their antifungal activity on the mycelial growth of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cumini</i>, and a favourable result in terms of percentage of inhibition was obtained. High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography fingerprinting was conducted to determine the presence of phytoconstituents and bioautography was performed to identify specific phytochemicals with antifungal activity. A control experiment was performed to analyse the plant extracts in vivo. The methanol extract of <i>Aegle marmelos</i> L. demonstrated the most significant in vivo activity, resulting in a 60.5 ± 3.96% reduction in disease incidence and an increased survival rate of 72.73 ± 2.73%.This study suggests that the use of botanical extracts may be a promising approach for developing effective plant-based fungicides.</p>

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Plant extracts of Aegle marmelos L. and Moringa oleifera Lam. for cumin wilt management: antioxidant activity, bioefficacy, and analytical insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月9日

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  • Kruti Dave,
  • Priti Patel,
  • Rakesh Patel

摘要

Cuminum cyminum L. is an essential commodity in Indian agriculture, as it is one of the most noticeable seed spice crops delivered, consumed, and traded from India. However, it is susceptible to several major diseases, including wilt and blight, that can cause significant losses in crop yield and quality. Wilt disease is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.cumini - a fungal pathogen that is prevalent worldwide. The present study was conducted to develop an eco-friendly management method for cumin wilt disease caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. cumini. This study involved the use of plant extracts of Aegle marmelos L. and Moringa oleifera Lam. to test their in vitro antifungal activity against the plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini. Preliminary phytochemical examination of all extracts revealed positive results for major phytoconstituents, such as phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. The extracts were tested at various concentrations to assess their antifungal activity on the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini, and a favourable result in terms of percentage of inhibition was obtained. High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography fingerprinting was conducted to determine the presence of phytoconstituents and bioautography was performed to identify specific phytochemicals with antifungal activity. A control experiment was performed to analyse the plant extracts in vivo. The methanol extract of Aegle marmelos L. demonstrated the most significant in vivo activity, resulting in a 60.5 ± 3.96% reduction in disease incidence and an increased survival rate of 72.73 ± 2.73%.This study suggests that the use of botanical extracts may be a promising approach for developing effective plant-based fungicides.