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<p>The Nilgiris, the only horticultural district in Tamil Nadu, India, faces significant challenges due to root-knot nematodes (RKNs), <i>Meloidogyne</i> spp., which affect economically important crops such as carrot, beetroot, and beans. In this context, sustainable nematode management practices, including the identification of alternate weed hosts, are critical. Surveys conducted in the Nilgiri Hills revealed galled roots of <i>Parthenium hysterophorus</i> L., an invasive weed, along crop field borders. Microscopic and molecular analyses confirmed the presence of <i>Meloidogyne hapla</i> Chitwood, the northern root-knot nematode, marking its first report on <i>P. hysterophorus</i> in India. Molecular identification was based on COX-1 gene marker (GenBank accession number PQ069793) revealed the sequence had 99.20% similarity to <i>M. hapla</i>. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated significant root galling (71.20 ± 3.67 galls/plant) and a high reproduction factor (18.16 ± 2.16) 30 days post-inoculation. The study highlights the dual threat posed by the invasive nature of <i>P. hysterophorus</i> and its ability to harbor <i>M. hapla</i>, a key pest of carrot, causing ~ 36% yield losses in the region. This underscores the urgent need for systematic eradication of <i>P. hysterophorus</i> to prevent the spread and intensification of <i>M. hapla</i> infestations in the Nilgiri Hills.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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First report of Meloidogyne hapla infesting Parthenium hysterophorus from India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月11日

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  • Jeyaveeran Berliner,
  • Manimaran Balakumaran,
  • Rashid Parvez,
  • Khan Matiyar Rahaman

摘要

The Nilgiris, the only horticultural district in Tamil Nadu, India, faces significant challenges due to root-knot nematodes (RKNs), Meloidogyne spp., which affect economically important crops such as carrot, beetroot, and beans. In this context, sustainable nematode management practices, including the identification of alternate weed hosts, are critical. Surveys conducted in the Nilgiri Hills revealed galled roots of Parthenium hysterophorus L., an invasive weed, along crop field borders. Microscopic and molecular analyses confirmed the presence of Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, the northern root-knot nematode, marking its first report on P. hysterophorus in India. Molecular identification was based on COX-1 gene marker (GenBank accession number PQ069793) revealed the sequence had 99.20% similarity to M. hapla. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated significant root galling (71.20 ± 3.67 galls/plant) and a high reproduction factor (18.16 ± 2.16) 30 days post-inoculation. The study highlights the dual threat posed by the invasive nature of P. hysterophorus and its ability to harbor M. hapla, a key pest of carrot, causing ~ 36% yield losses in the region. This underscores the urgent need for systematic eradication of P. hysterophorus to prevent the spread and intensification of M. hapla infestations in the Nilgiri Hills.

Graphical Abstract