Contemporary perspectives on the global evolution of potato virus Y pathogen

Potato virus Y (PVY) is considered one of the ten most significant plant viruses owing to its economic impact in the potato cultivating areas of the world. It wasn't until the 1930s that PVY was first reported. It is considered a type species of the genus Potyvirus, belonging to the family Potyviridae. PVY genome comprises of a positive sense single-stranded RNA (+ ssRNA) encapsidated by a 30 kDa coat protein (CP). Virions of PVY assume the shape of a flexuous filament. PVY can be detected using a variety of quick, sensitive immunoenzymatic methods as well as molecular-based detection techniques. Infected seeds are the primary source of infection. Several aphid species (Aphididae; Hemiptera) support the natural propagation of PVY in a non-persistent manner. Many strains and variants have been identified since the discovery of PVY, and recent world population shifts have been driven by the emergence of novel recombinant strains. This review summarizes the current status of research on PVY by the research community across the world, highlighting recent advances in PVY detection, characterization, and management to prevent or limit the spread of the virus through the implementation of best practices.