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<p>The commercial single-junction Si and GaAs cells are already close to the respective theoretical limits, which emphasizes the development of tandem architectures. The work simulates a GaAs//Si tandem cell with the GaAs as a thin film top cell. The bottom cell consists of a Si nanowire (SiNW) array as the n-type emitter with a wider band gap (1.57&#xa0;eV) on a p-type substrate (1.12&#xa0;eV), making the structure a heterojunction solar cell. Introducing a back surface field to the SiNW bottom cell (BSF_SiNW) improves the individual cell efficiency from 18.8% to 21.7% under the standard solar spectrum. The back surface field improves photo generation and passivation to increase efficiency. The study explains the optical coupling of the GaAs top cell and the SiNW bottom cell by generating the filtered spectrum. The optically coupled SiNW cell and the BSF_SiNW are 6.8% and 8.6% efficient operating under the filtered spectrum, referred to as the AM1.5 G standard spectrum. The current matching reduces the electrical coupling loss and improves the overall 2T efficiency. The current matched 2T and dimensionally optimized 4T tandem configuration of the GaAs//BSF_SiNW cells are 22.3% and 25.7% efficient. The spectral analysis shows the efficient absorption of the solar spectrum and the filtered spectrum by the sub-cells.</p>

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Modeling of Two-terminal (2T) and Four-terminal (4T) GaAs//Back-surface-field Si-nanowire Tandem Architectures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月20日

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  • Sakti Prasanna Muduli,
  • Paresh Kale

摘要

The commercial single-junction Si and GaAs cells are already close to the respective theoretical limits, which emphasizes the development of tandem architectures. The work simulates a GaAs//Si tandem cell with the GaAs as a thin film top cell. The bottom cell consists of a Si nanowire (SiNW) array as the n-type emitter with a wider band gap (1.57 eV) on a p-type substrate (1.12 eV), making the structure a heterojunction solar cell. Introducing a back surface field to the SiNW bottom cell (BSF_SiNW) improves the individual cell efficiency from 18.8% to 21.7% under the standard solar spectrum. The back surface field improves photo generation and passivation to increase efficiency. The study explains the optical coupling of the GaAs top cell and the SiNW bottom cell by generating the filtered spectrum. The optically coupled SiNW cell and the BSF_SiNW are 6.8% and 8.6% efficient operating under the filtered spectrum, referred to as the AM1.5 G standard spectrum. The current matching reduces the electrical coupling loss and improves the overall 2T efficiency. The current matched 2T and dimensionally optimized 4T tandem configuration of the GaAs//BSF_SiNW cells are 22.3% and 25.7% efficient. The spectral analysis shows the efficient absorption of the solar spectrum and the filtered spectrum by the sub-cells.