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<p>Wild plants, subjected to abiotic stresses, could produce more secondary metabolites than cultivated plants. To test this hypothesis, we carried out a comparative phytochemical study of the aerial parts of wild and cultivated <i>Retama sphaerocarpa</i>, extracting the essential oil and preparing aqueous and organic extracts, calculating extract yields, and performing a qualitative and quantitative analysis of secondary metabolites. The results showed the absence of essential oil, and the highest yields were obtained from extracts prepared hot: decocted (22% and 21%) and methanolic extracts (30.35% and 26.2%). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of all the families screened, with the exception of anthraquinones. For total polyphenols, the highest levels were found in the decocted (13.48 and 9.11&#xa0;µg GAE mg⁻¹ E), the ethyl acetate extract of the wild plant (53.75&#xa0;µg GAE mg⁻¹ E) and the chloroform extract of the cultivated plant (37.65&#xa0;µg GAE mg⁻¹ E). The chloroform extracts show high levels of flavonoids (315.98 and 297.42&#xa0;µg QE mg⁻¹ E), as do the infused extract from the cultivated plant (39.5&#xa0;µg QE mg⁻¹ E) and the decocted from the wild plant, (19.59&#xa0;µg QE mg⁻¹ E). Catechic tannins were more abundant in the chloroform extract of the wild plant (30.92&#xa0;µg CE mg⁻¹ E) and the petroleum ether extract of the cultivated plant (43&#xa0;µg CE mg⁻¹ E) than in the decocted of the cultivated plant (3.07&#xa0;µg CE mg⁻¹ E), and the infused and decocted of the wild plant (2.82 and 2.8&#xa0;µg CE mg⁻¹ E). Consequently, these results indicate the importance of the phytochemical approach adopted by this work, which varied the solvents and the modalities of hot and cold extractions, making it possible to show the richness of two plants in chemical compounds. </p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Comparison of the Phytochemical Profiles of Spontaneous and Cultivated Retama sphaerocarpa, Under Various Solvents and Extraction Methods

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月25日

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  • Soukaina Lamrak,
  • Fatima Lamchouri,
  • Hamid Toufik

摘要

Wild plants, subjected to abiotic stresses, could produce more secondary metabolites than cultivated plants. To test this hypothesis, we carried out a comparative phytochemical study of the aerial parts of wild and cultivated Retama sphaerocarpa, extracting the essential oil and preparing aqueous and organic extracts, calculating extract yields, and performing a qualitative and quantitative analysis of secondary metabolites. The results showed the absence of essential oil, and the highest yields were obtained from extracts prepared hot: decocted (22% and 21%) and methanolic extracts (30.35% and 26.2%). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of all the families screened, with the exception of anthraquinones. For total polyphenols, the highest levels were found in the decocted (13.48 and 9.11 µg GAE mg⁻¹ E), the ethyl acetate extract of the wild plant (53.75 µg GAE mg⁻¹ E) and the chloroform extract of the cultivated plant (37.65 µg GAE mg⁻¹ E). The chloroform extracts show high levels of flavonoids (315.98 and 297.42 µg QE mg⁻¹ E), as do the infused extract from the cultivated plant (39.5 µg QE mg⁻¹ E) and the decocted from the wild plant, (19.59 µg QE mg⁻¹ E). Catechic tannins were more abundant in the chloroform extract of the wild plant (30.92 µg CE mg⁻¹ E) and the petroleum ether extract of the cultivated plant (43 µg CE mg⁻¹ E) than in the decocted of the cultivated plant (3.07 µg CE mg⁻¹ E), and the infused and decocted of the wild plant (2.82 and 2.8 µg CE mg⁻¹ E). Consequently, these results indicate the importance of the phytochemical approach adopted by this work, which varied the solvents and the modalities of hot and cold extractions, making it possible to show the richness of two plants in chemical compounds.

Graphical Abstract