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<p>This study presents an integrated pyro-hydrometallurgical process for the treatment of arsenic-bearing cobalt ores. The methodology focuses on the selective extraction and immobilization of arsenic, followed by the efficient recovery of cobalt as a high-purity compound. The process comprises two principal stages: (1) arsenic removal via soda-coal roasting and water leaching, and (2) subsequent cobalt leaching from the de-arsenified concentrate. The primary ore, containing 5.47–6.19 wt% As<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, was first subjected to pyro-hydrometallurgical treatment. The ore was mixed with soda ash (Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) and coal in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.2 and roasted at 750&#xa0;°C for 1–3&#xa0;h. The roasted product was then subjected to water leaching at 90&#xa0;°C for 1&#xa0;h at a solid-to-liquid (S: L) ratio of 1:5. This procedure successfully extracted 82–93% of the arsenic into the solution, reducing the arsenic content in the solid residue to 0.52–0.71 wt% As<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The dissolved arsenic was subsequently precipitated as a stable iron arsenate (scorodite, FeAsO<sub>4</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O) by the addition of iron (III) sulfate and ferrihydrite. The arsenic-free residue – cobalt concentrate was then processed for cobalt recovery using an ammonium sulfate and ammonium hydroxide solution. The optimal leaching parameters were determined to be: (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> concentration: 150&#xa0;g/L; Temperature: 393&#xa0;K; Pressure: 4&#xa0;atm; Time: 2&#xa0;h; Liquid-to-solid ratio (L: S): 5:1; Oxidizing dosage (hydrogen peroxide urea (CH<sub>6</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)) – 0.96&#xa0;g (6&#xa0;g/L). Under these optimized conditions, a cobalt leaching efficiency of 96.84% was achieved. The resulting cobalt-ammonia complex solution was then subjected to thermal decomposition and cooling, yielding pink-red crystals of high-purity cobalt sulfate heptahydrate.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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An Integrated Pyro-Hydrometallurgical Strategy for Arsenic Stabilization and Cobalt Extraction from Arsenic-Bearing Ores

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Arif Heydarov,
  • Aysel Muradova,
  • Gulnar Alyshanly

摘要

This study presents an integrated pyro-hydrometallurgical process for the treatment of arsenic-bearing cobalt ores. The methodology focuses on the selective extraction and immobilization of arsenic, followed by the efficient recovery of cobalt as a high-purity compound. The process comprises two principal stages: (1) arsenic removal via soda-coal roasting and water leaching, and (2) subsequent cobalt leaching from the de-arsenified concentrate. The primary ore, containing 5.47–6.19 wt% As2O3, was first subjected to pyro-hydrometallurgical treatment. The ore was mixed with soda ash (Na2CO3) and coal in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.2 and roasted at 750 °C for 1–3 h. The roasted product was then subjected to water leaching at 90 °C for 1 h at a solid-to-liquid (S: L) ratio of 1:5. This procedure successfully extracted 82–93% of the arsenic into the solution, reducing the arsenic content in the solid residue to 0.52–0.71 wt% As2O3. The dissolved arsenic was subsequently precipitated as a stable iron arsenate (scorodite, FeAsO4·2H2O) by the addition of iron (III) sulfate and ferrihydrite. The arsenic-free residue – cobalt concentrate was then processed for cobalt recovery using an ammonium sulfate and ammonium hydroxide solution. The optimal leaching parameters were determined to be: (NH4)2SO4 concentration: 150 g/L; Temperature: 393 K; Pressure: 4 atm; Time: 2 h; Liquid-to-solid ratio (L: S): 5:1; Oxidizing dosage (hydrogen peroxide urea (CH6N2O3)) – 0.96 g (6 g/L). Under these optimized conditions, a cobalt leaching efficiency of 96.84% was achieved. The resulting cobalt-ammonia complex solution was then subjected to thermal decomposition and cooling, yielding pink-red crystals of high-purity cobalt sulfate heptahydrate.

Graphical Abstract