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<p>Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are persistent, toxic endocrine disruptors commonly found in plastics and bottled water, necessitating sensitive analytical monitoring. This study developed a magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method combined with HPLC-DAD, using treated cypress wood (CW) as a sorbent to extract four PAEs: dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP). The wood underwent organic solvent washing, pyrolysis at various temperatures, magnetite loading, and different treatment sequences. The optimal adsorbent, MCW-400&#xa0;°C-Pet.ether(1:7), was prepared by pyrolysis at 400&#xa0;°C, washing with petroleum ether, and magnetization at a 1:7 magnetite-to-wood mass ratio, which enhanced porosity, exposed active sites, and improved magnetic separability. The MSPE-HPLC-DAD method was optimized for pH, adsorbent mass, and contact time, achieving low detection limits (0.027–0.098&#xa0;mg L⁻¹), and high correlation coefficients (R² &gt; 0.986). When applied to bottled water samples, the method produced recovery rates of 67.2–99.0% with %RSD of 0.5–4.7%. Adsorption isotherm studies indicated the process followed the Freundlich model and was primarily physical, driven by hydrophobic interactions, pore filling, and π-π interactions.</p>

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Optimization of Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Phthalate Esters from Bottled Water Using Modified Cypress Wood Sorbent

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Amjad H. El-Sheikh,
  • Jafar I. Abdelghani,
  • Rawan A. Abu-Sarhan,
  • Nabil N. AL-Hashimi

摘要

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are persistent, toxic endocrine disruptors commonly found in plastics and bottled water, necessitating sensitive analytical monitoring. This study developed a magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method combined with HPLC-DAD, using treated cypress wood (CW) as a sorbent to extract four PAEs: dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP). The wood underwent organic solvent washing, pyrolysis at various temperatures, magnetite loading, and different treatment sequences. The optimal adsorbent, MCW-400 °C-Pet.ether(1:7), was prepared by pyrolysis at 400 °C, washing with petroleum ether, and magnetization at a 1:7 magnetite-to-wood mass ratio, which enhanced porosity, exposed active sites, and improved magnetic separability. The MSPE-HPLC-DAD method was optimized for pH, adsorbent mass, and contact time, achieving low detection limits (0.027–0.098 mg L⁻¹), and high correlation coefficients (R² > 0.986). When applied to bottled water samples, the method produced recovery rates of 67.2–99.0% with %RSD of 0.5–4.7%. Adsorption isotherm studies indicated the process followed the Freundlich model and was primarily physical, driven by hydrophobic interactions, pore filling, and π-π interactions.