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<p>The present work is an attempt to demonstrate a straightforward one-pot solid-state synthesis route that is utilized to fabricate α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles (α-F3, α-F5) and their nanocomposites with activated carbon (α-FANCs3, α-FANCs5) at 300 and 500&#xa0;°C, respectively. As synthesized materials have been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDX elements mapping, and comprehensively evaluated for adsorption kinetics under varying conditions of Evans Blue (EB) dye concentration (1–10&#xa0;mg/L), pH (3, 6, and 9), and temperature (RT, 40 and 50&#xa0;°C), revealed significant insights into their adsorption behavior to the dye. The α-F5 sample exhibited higher removal efficiency and adsorption capacity than α-F3, owing to improved crystallinity and active surface sites achieved at higher synthesis temperature. Notably, the incorporation of activated carbon markedly enhanced the adsorption performance. The α-FANCs5 outperformed all other samples with a remarkable maximum adsorption capacity (MAC) of 620.30&#xa0;mg/g (Freundlich model) and removal efficiency up to 98.41%, attributed to synergistic effects and increased surface functionality. All materials followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, suggesting a surface-controlled physical adsorption mechanism. While α-FANCs3 also demonstrated good performance, α-FANCs5 showed superior recyclability and stability across multiple cycles. Overall, the results underscore the potential of α-FANCs5 as efficient, cost-effective, and reusable adsorbents for anionic dye remediation in wastewater treatment.</p>

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One-Pot Solid-State Synthesis of α-Fe2O3 Activated Carbon Nanocomposites for Excellent Dye Adsorption Kinetics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Twinkle Budhiraja,
  • Vinay Rawat,
  • Shikha Uniyal Gairola,
  • Rajeev Gupta,
  • Anil Kumar,
  • Ajay Kumar Khanduri,
  • Pankaj Chamoli

摘要

The present work is an attempt to demonstrate a straightforward one-pot solid-state synthesis route that is utilized to fabricate α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (α-F3, α-F5) and their nanocomposites with activated carbon (α-FANCs3, α-FANCs5) at 300 and 500 °C, respectively. As synthesized materials have been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDX elements mapping, and comprehensively evaluated for adsorption kinetics under varying conditions of Evans Blue (EB) dye concentration (1–10 mg/L), pH (3, 6, and 9), and temperature (RT, 40 and 50 °C), revealed significant insights into their adsorption behavior to the dye. The α-F5 sample exhibited higher removal efficiency and adsorption capacity than α-F3, owing to improved crystallinity and active surface sites achieved at higher synthesis temperature. Notably, the incorporation of activated carbon markedly enhanced the adsorption performance. The α-FANCs5 outperformed all other samples with a remarkable maximum adsorption capacity (MAC) of 620.30 mg/g (Freundlich model) and removal efficiency up to 98.41%, attributed to synergistic effects and increased surface functionality. All materials followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, suggesting a surface-controlled physical adsorption mechanism. While α-FANCs3 also demonstrated good performance, α-FANCs5 showed superior recyclability and stability across multiple cycles. Overall, the results underscore the potential of α-FANCs5 as efficient, cost-effective, and reusable adsorbents for anionic dye remediation in wastewater treatment.