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<p>Landfill leachate poses a severe environmental threat due to its recalcitrant organic load, extreme salinity, and toxicity. This study investigates the efficacy of electrochemical oxidation (EO) using a platinized titanium (Ti/Pt) anode paired with conventional and tungsten carbide-based cathodes (Ti/5WC) for treating real leachate from the Chlef landfill (Algeria). The raw leachate was characterized by high COD (2840&#xa0;mg O₂·L⁻¹), intense color, and substantial concentrations of chloride, ammonium, and heavy metals. A systematic evaluation of key operational parameters current density, initial pH, inter-electrode distance (IED), supporting electrolyte, and oxygen sparging was conducted. Optimal conditions were identified as follows: current density of 30&#xa0;mA·cm⁻², pH 3, IED of 1&#xa0;cm, and NaCl addition (3.5&#xa0;g·L⁻¹). Under these conditions, exceptional COD removal efficiencies of up to 99% were achieved within 3&#xa0;h, coupled with a low specific energy consumption of 24 kWh·m⁻³. Mechanistic analysis revealed that degradation proceeded via synergistic direct anodic oxidation (•OH radicals) and indirect oxidation through electrogenerated active chlorine species (Cl₂/HOCl/OCl⁻). Oxygen sparging further enhanced performance by improving mass transfer and radical formation. This study confirms the technical viability of EO as a robust and efficient solution for treating refractory, saline landfill leachates, with a note of caution regarding the potential formation of chlorinated by-products.</p>

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Electrooxidative Treatment of High-Salinity Landfill Leachate: Parametric Optimization, Mechanistic Elucidation, and Near-Complete COD Removal

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Brahim Feraoun,
  • Khaled Otmanine,
  • Mounir Hammoudi

摘要

Landfill leachate poses a severe environmental threat due to its recalcitrant organic load, extreme salinity, and toxicity. This study investigates the efficacy of electrochemical oxidation (EO) using a platinized titanium (Ti/Pt) anode paired with conventional and tungsten carbide-based cathodes (Ti/5WC) for treating real leachate from the Chlef landfill (Algeria). The raw leachate was characterized by high COD (2840 mg O₂·L⁻¹), intense color, and substantial concentrations of chloride, ammonium, and heavy metals. A systematic evaluation of key operational parameters current density, initial pH, inter-electrode distance (IED), supporting electrolyte, and oxygen sparging was conducted. Optimal conditions were identified as follows: current density of 30 mA·cm⁻², pH 3, IED of 1 cm, and NaCl addition (3.5 g·L⁻¹). Under these conditions, exceptional COD removal efficiencies of up to 99% were achieved within 3 h, coupled with a low specific energy consumption of 24 kWh·m⁻³. Mechanistic analysis revealed that degradation proceeded via synergistic direct anodic oxidation (•OH radicals) and indirect oxidation through electrogenerated active chlorine species (Cl₂/HOCl/OCl⁻). Oxygen sparging further enhanced performance by improving mass transfer and radical formation. This study confirms the technical viability of EO as a robust and efficient solution for treating refractory, saline landfill leachates, with a note of caution regarding the potential formation of chlorinated by-products.