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<p>This study investigates the preparation, characterization, and application of raw and activated olive cake waste from oil mill residue as a biomaterial adsorbent for a cationic dye. Various experimental analyses are conducted: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR, X-ray diffraction XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area determination via the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) method, and pH of zero charge determination (pH<sub>PZC</sub>). The adsorption of crystal violet dye (CV) on the prepared adsorbents, and the effects of pH, contact time, and isotherms were also investigated. The XRD results indicate the presence of native cellulose and dehydrated hemicellulose in the raw basis matrix. Additionally, the IR spectra of the two materials reveal similar functional groups, including hydrogen stretching vibration bands of hydroxyl groups (O–H) associated with carboxyls, phenols, or alcohol. The raw and activated olive cake waste (ROC and AOC) exhibit specific surface areas of 0.838 m<sup>2</sup>/g and 1.349 m<sup>2</sup>/g, respectively. The point of zero charge of the examined adsorbents (ROC and AOC) were pH<sub>PZC</sub> = 6.54 and 7.75, respectively. The efficiency of discoloration is affected by pH dye variation, reaching 91% on ROC and 93% on AOC. The Langmuir model effectively represents the adsorption isotherms of CV by the two adsorbents. The amount of the monolayer adsorbed dye according to the Langmuir equation at 30&#xa0;°C on ROC is 399.8&#xa0;mg/g and 374.6&#xa0;mg/g on AOC.</p>

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Raw and Activated Oil Mill Waste for Retention of Cationic Dye in Aqueous Solution

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月5日

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  • Chafia Tiar,
  • Nihed Daas,
  • Mokhtar Boutahala,
  • D. Belfennache,
  • R. Yekhlef,
  • S. Zaiou,
  • Salah S. Elyan,
  • Mohamed A. Ali

摘要

This study investigates the preparation, characterization, and application of raw and activated olive cake waste from oil mill residue as a biomaterial adsorbent for a cationic dye. Various experimental analyses are conducted: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR, X-ray diffraction XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area determination via the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) method, and pH of zero charge determination (pHPZC). The adsorption of crystal violet dye (CV) on the prepared adsorbents, and the effects of pH, contact time, and isotherms were also investigated. The XRD results indicate the presence of native cellulose and dehydrated hemicellulose in the raw basis matrix. Additionally, the IR spectra of the two materials reveal similar functional groups, including hydrogen stretching vibration bands of hydroxyl groups (O–H) associated with carboxyls, phenols, or alcohol. The raw and activated olive cake waste (ROC and AOC) exhibit specific surface areas of 0.838 m2/g and 1.349 m2/g, respectively. The point of zero charge of the examined adsorbents (ROC and AOC) were pHPZC = 6.54 and 7.75, respectively. The efficiency of discoloration is affected by pH dye variation, reaching 91% on ROC and 93% on AOC. The Langmuir model effectively represents the adsorption isotherms of CV by the two adsorbents. The amount of the monolayer adsorbed dye according to the Langmuir equation at 30 °C on ROC is 399.8 mg/g and 374.6 mg/g on AOC.