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<p>As the need for clean fuels (ultra-low levels, &gt; 0.05 wt%) continues to grow and stricter regulations are put in place, catalytic oxidative desulfurization (Cat-ODS) of sour liquid fuel oil has taken the lead in research studies because conventional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) technique struggles to desulfurize refractory sulfur compounds, creating a pressing need for efficient desulfurization method. This research addresses this gap by synthesizing silica supported iron oxide catalysts for the catalytic oxidative desulfurization of liquid fuels. In this research, silica-supported iron oxide catalysts were synthesized using the incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) method and the supported monometallic iron oxide catalysts were doped with cobalt and nickel for the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of model diesel (n-octane, 500&#xa0;mg/L of thiophene). Herein, we report for the first time the encapsulation of doped iron oxide on silica cages for oxidative desulfurization process (ODS) activity and optimization of the process parameters using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and machine learning via Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to model the experimental data. Hydrogen Peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) and dimethylformamide (DMF) were used as oxidants and extracting solvents, respectively. The catalysts (Co/Fe–SiO<sub>2</sub> and Ni/Fe–SiO<sub>2</sub>) were characterized to validate their structure. Preliminary ODS investigation showed that Co/Fe–SiO<sub>2</sub> calcined at 400&#xa0;°C gave a better result with a 73% thiophene conversion rate in the model diesel. The effects of operating parameters were studied using the central composite design with 20 runs thus, achieving a maximum sulfur removal of 95.82% at 53.92&#xa0;°C, 50.88&#xa0;min, and 2.59 oxidant sulfur molar ratio with the Co/Fe–SiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Oxidative Desulphurization of Model Diesel Fuel Using Supported Iron Oxide Catalyst Doped with Cobalt and Nickel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月17日

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  • J. J. Adick,
  • N. S. Lawal,
  • A. O. Oyewale

摘要

As the need for clean fuels (ultra-low levels, > 0.05 wt%) continues to grow and stricter regulations are put in place, catalytic oxidative desulfurization (Cat-ODS) of sour liquid fuel oil has taken the lead in research studies because conventional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) technique struggles to desulfurize refractory sulfur compounds, creating a pressing need for efficient desulfurization method. This research addresses this gap by synthesizing silica supported iron oxide catalysts for the catalytic oxidative desulfurization of liquid fuels. In this research, silica-supported iron oxide catalysts were synthesized using the incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) method and the supported monometallic iron oxide catalysts were doped with cobalt and nickel for the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of model diesel (n-octane, 500 mg/L of thiophene). Herein, we report for the first time the encapsulation of doped iron oxide on silica cages for oxidative desulfurization process (ODS) activity and optimization of the process parameters using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and machine learning via Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to model the experimental data. Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) and dimethylformamide (DMF) were used as oxidants and extracting solvents, respectively. The catalysts (Co/Fe–SiO2 and Ni/Fe–SiO2) were characterized to validate their structure. Preliminary ODS investigation showed that Co/Fe–SiO2 calcined at 400 °C gave a better result with a 73% thiophene conversion rate in the model diesel. The effects of operating parameters were studied using the central composite design with 20 runs thus, achieving a maximum sulfur removal of 95.82% at 53.92 °C, 50.88 min, and 2.59 oxidant sulfur molar ratio with the Co/Fe–SiO2 catalyst.

Graphical Abstract