Trinitrophenol Removal and Recovery from Aqueous Solution Using CTAB-Mo₇O₂₄⁶⁻-BSA Conjugates: Estimated by XRD, FTIR, Adsorption Isotherm and Kinetic Analysis

Toxic tri Nitrophenol (TNP) pollution in water is an urgent global environmental issue. Hence, we report the removal and recovery of TNP using Mo₇O₂₄⁶⁻ and alkyltrimethylammonium ions based metal organic ionic frameworks (MOIFs) in conjugation of bovine serum albumin (MOIF@BSA). Structures were elucidated by powder XRD, FTIR and UV/Vis analytical techniques. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed transition at 300–400 ⁰C due to loss of organic residue. MOIF@BSA showed the adsorption of TNP more than 97% due to interaction between itself and–OH and–NO₂ functional groups of TNP. The adsorption kinetics display characteristics of pseudo first-order kinetics, indicating that the rate of adsorption is predominantly governed by the movement of TNP molecules interacting with MOIF@BSA. The desorption analysis displayed about 100% recovery of MOIF@BSA, TNP and solvent which revealed the green chemistry approach. After 5 cycles, the removal efficiency remained above 98%.