Synthesis, In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Activity and Molecular Docking of some Coumarin Derivatives

Coumarins represent a large number of natural and synthetic bioactive molecules. Their oxygen-containing heterocyclic structure makes them interesting in the field of medicinal chemistry. In this study, four coumarin derivatives (1b, 2b, 1c, and 3c) were synthesized and characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and elemental analysis. Additionally, the synthesized coumarins were investigated for their anti-diabetic potential. The results demonstrated that compound 1b displayed higher potency to inhibit α-amylase, with an IC₉₀ value of 36 ± 1.04 µg/mL, than compound 3c with an IC₉₀ value of 50 ± 1.15 µg/mL and compound 1c with an IC₉₀ value of 66 ± 3.06 µg/mL. Our findings have been validated by molecular docking experiments. Thus, compound 1b would be used as an anti-postprandial hyperglycemia drug.