Synthesize of Copper Nanocomposite Mediated Human Urine: Estimated of their Antibacterial Activity

The author presents an efficient method for the synthesis of copper nanocomposites (CuNC) using human urine. The role of human urine on the decomposition of copper nitrate was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate the presence of compounds of calcium copper oxide (CaCuO₂), calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), copper (I) sulphide (Cu₂S), and sodium copper oxide (NaCuO) in the sample. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) results show that the elements copper (Cu), oxygen (O), and sulphur (S) have their own peaks. Calcium (Ca) and nitrogen (N) also have secondary peaks. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) results show non-uniform structures like clusters of nanoparticles (NPs) with different nanodiameters. The optical analysis shows a clear absorption peak at 325 nm with a direct optical energy gap of 2.85 eV, hence being similar to the manner in which copper oxides behave. The antibacterial activity results confirm that CuNC has a high inhibitory effect against Streptococcus pyogenes and Proteus mirabilis. The maximum zone of inhibition against Proteus mirabilis is 22 mm, and against Streptococcus pyogenes is 26 mm. The current work is complementary to previous work in the field of employing the effect of human urine in the synthesis of NPs or NCs.