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<p>A thermally stable, eggshell-based AgNPs nanocomposite that enables sustainable, reproducible pH sensing while converting waste into a functional material is reported. Owing to sustainable ultrafast sensing, eggshell-derived calcite fibers (ES-CF) and AgNP-doped ES-calcite fibrous nanocomposites (A-CFNC) were synthesized by a hybrid green sol–gel approach. Both ES-CF and A-CFNC exhibit a porous fibrous structure. The observed carbonate vibrations confirm the successful transformation of eggshell waste into calcite and its strong interaction with AgNPs. The ES-CF shows a specific surface area of about 13&#xa0;m² g⁻¹ with a nanoparticle size of ~ 4.5&#xa0;nm, which increases to ~ 79&#xa0;m² g⁻¹ and 17&#xa0;nm after AgNP doping. The negligible mass loss above 638&#xa0;°C confirmed the thermal stability of A-CFNC. Rose Bengal-encapsulated A-CFNC revealed pKₐ value of 8 at 580&#xa0;nm and a faster response time of 0.18&#xa0;s at pH 12 compared to ES-CF (pKₐ = 7.7 at 535&#xa0;nm, 0.25&#xa0;s). Ultrafast and reliable sensing of RB/A-CFNC across a wide pH range has potential for real-time alkaline monitoring.</p>

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Waste-to-resource eggshell-derived silver-activated calcite fibers for ultrafast opto-chemical pH sensing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Shumaila Islam,
  • Adil Alshoaibi

摘要

A thermally stable, eggshell-based AgNPs nanocomposite that enables sustainable, reproducible pH sensing while converting waste into a functional material is reported. Owing to sustainable ultrafast sensing, eggshell-derived calcite fibers (ES-CF) and AgNP-doped ES-calcite fibrous nanocomposites (A-CFNC) were synthesized by a hybrid green sol–gel approach. Both ES-CF and A-CFNC exhibit a porous fibrous structure. The observed carbonate vibrations confirm the successful transformation of eggshell waste into calcite and its strong interaction with AgNPs. The ES-CF shows a specific surface area of about 13 m² g⁻¹ with a nanoparticle size of ~ 4.5 nm, which increases to ~ 79 m² g⁻¹ and 17 nm after AgNP doping. The negligible mass loss above 638 °C confirmed the thermal stability of A-CFNC. Rose Bengal-encapsulated A-CFNC revealed pKₐ value of 8 at 580 nm and a faster response time of 0.18 s at pH 12 compared to ES-CF (pKₐ = 7.7 at 535 nm, 0.25 s). Ultrafast and reliable sensing of RB/A-CFNC across a wide pH range has potential for real-time alkaline monitoring.