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<p>The persistence of pharmaceuticals and synthetic dyes in the aquatic systems poses a serious ecological and public health challenges, where conventional wastewater treatments are often fail to mitigate such type of recalcitrant contaminants. In this study, we report the fabrication of biodegradable cellulose nanofibril-chitosan-magnesium oxide (CNF-Cyt-MgO) composite membrane, those have lichen extract mediated green synthesized MgO nano particles. Comprehensive characterization including UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, HR-TEM, SEM-EDX and particle size/zeta potential analysis, as well as contact angle measurements, these techniques confirms nanoscale crystallinity, strong polymernanoparticle interactions, enhanced hydrophilicity, and robust structural stability. The CNF-Cyt-MgO membrane displayed dual functionality, creating high level adsorption capacity through nanocellulose and chitosan along with the photocatalytic degradation response by MgO nanoparticle under sunlight. Optimized membranes show high removal efficiencies within 120&#xa0;min interval of time, such as archive pollutants removal efficiency as 77.2% for Malachite Green, 71.8% for Eriochrome Black T, 65.1% for Metronidazole, and 45.9% for Nifedipine at 20 ppm-consistently that’s outperforming adsorption-only based cellulose nanofibril-chitosan(CNF-Cyt)membranes. Kinetic modelling indicated pseudo-first order type behaviour, constant performances at different pH level, and excellent reusability over 8 cycles due to in situ regeneration of active sites. This eco-designed hybrid membrane holds the potential to replace the standard adsorbents and synthetic membranes due to the integrated characteristics of eco-friendly properties such as biodegradability, green synthesis, dual mode pollutant removal, and long-term operational stability, bringing a scalable and sustainable method for advanced wastewater remediation purposes.</p>

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Sustainable cellulose–chitosan hybrid membranes reinforced with green-synthesized MgO nanoparticles for dual adsorption–photocatalytic wastewater remediation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月20日

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  • Rinku Rana,
  • Waseem Ahmad,
  • Mohammed F. Hawwal,
  • Irfan Aamer Ansari,
  • Sanjay Kumar,
  • Sarfaraz Ahmed

摘要

The persistence of pharmaceuticals and synthetic dyes in the aquatic systems poses a serious ecological and public health challenges, where conventional wastewater treatments are often fail to mitigate such type of recalcitrant contaminants. In this study, we report the fabrication of biodegradable cellulose nanofibril-chitosan-magnesium oxide (CNF-Cyt-MgO) composite membrane, those have lichen extract mediated green synthesized MgO nano particles. Comprehensive characterization including UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, HR-TEM, SEM-EDX and particle size/zeta potential analysis, as well as contact angle measurements, these techniques confirms nanoscale crystallinity, strong polymernanoparticle interactions, enhanced hydrophilicity, and robust structural stability. The CNF-Cyt-MgO membrane displayed dual functionality, creating high level adsorption capacity through nanocellulose and chitosan along with the photocatalytic degradation response by MgO nanoparticle under sunlight. Optimized membranes show high removal efficiencies within 120 min interval of time, such as archive pollutants removal efficiency as 77.2% for Malachite Green, 71.8% for Eriochrome Black T, 65.1% for Metronidazole, and 45.9% for Nifedipine at 20 ppm-consistently that’s outperforming adsorption-only based cellulose nanofibril-chitosan(CNF-Cyt)membranes. Kinetic modelling indicated pseudo-first order type behaviour, constant performances at different pH level, and excellent reusability over 8 cycles due to in situ regeneration of active sites. This eco-designed hybrid membrane holds the potential to replace the standard adsorbents and synthetic membranes due to the integrated characteristics of eco-friendly properties such as biodegradability, green synthesis, dual mode pollutant removal, and long-term operational stability, bringing a scalable and sustainable method for advanced wastewater remediation purposes.