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<p>Biohybrid Helical micro-swimmers integrating biological motility with nanomaterials, represent a novel avenue in biomedical microrobotics, particularly for targeted drug delivery and minimally invasive interventions in confined physiological environments. This study presents the development and characterization of magnetically actuated biohybrid micro-swimmers based on <i>Arthrospira platensis</i> (Spirulina) conjugated with Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The helical structure and intrinsic motility of <i>Spirulina</i> offer an ideal platform for magnetic propulsion when functionalized with surface-modified MNPs via APTES assisted conjugation. Structural characterization was confirmed through FTIR, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and zeta potential analysis, with TEM and FESEM imaging revealing nanoscale integration. The motility behavior of these algal micro-swimmers was evaluated under varying magnetic field strengths to assess their translational and dynamics, revealing efficient magnetization induced propulsion. This work highlights the potential of these micro-swimmers to navigate complex, obstruction-laden microenvironments and potential biorobotic applications.</p>

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Evaluation of MAG-Algabots locomotive dynamics for the development of obstruction navigating nano functional helical biorobots

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月13日

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  • Anal Kishore Singh,
  • Chinmaya Mahapatra

摘要

Biohybrid Helical micro-swimmers integrating biological motility with nanomaterials, represent a novel avenue in biomedical microrobotics, particularly for targeted drug delivery and minimally invasive interventions in confined physiological environments. This study presents the development and characterization of magnetically actuated biohybrid micro-swimmers based on Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) conjugated with Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The helical structure and intrinsic motility of Spirulina offer an ideal platform for magnetic propulsion when functionalized with surface-modified MNPs via APTES assisted conjugation. Structural characterization was confirmed through FTIR, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and zeta potential analysis, with TEM and FESEM imaging revealing nanoscale integration. The motility behavior of these algal micro-swimmers was evaluated under varying magnetic field strengths to assess their translational and dynamics, revealing efficient magnetization induced propulsion. This work highlights the potential of these micro-swimmers to navigate complex, obstruction-laden microenvironments and potential biorobotic applications.