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<p>Geopolymers represent an innovative category of environmental materials that offers a sustainable alternative to Portland cement. These inorganic polymers are synthesized by activating aluminosilicate precursors with alkaline solutions (such as sodium, potassium, or calcium hydroxide) or acidic solutions (such as phosphoric acid), contributing to prospective applications in construction, waste management, and advanced ceramics. The use of phosphoric acid remains relatively less explored. The choice of aluminosilicate precursors, such as natural clays, and the optimization of synthesis parameters significantly influence the mechanical performance of these materials. This study investigates the synthesis of geopolymers using Moroccan clay (MC) as an aluminosilicate precursor and Phosphoric Acid (H<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(_3\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>PO<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(_4\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) as an activator. The effects of the following parameters (Al/Si molar ratio, phosphoric acid concentration (H<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(_3\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>PO<InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(_4\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), and temperature of curing on the compressive strength of the resulting geopolymers were examined and optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results indicate that a high concentration of H<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(_3\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>PO<InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(_4\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (10 mol/L) produces a compressive strength of 0.5 MPa after 14 days and 1.5 MPa after 28 days. In contrast, concentrations between 5.5 and 7.0 mol/L produced better compressive strength, reaching 36 MPa. In addition, reducing the curing temperature to 56.8°C increases mechanical resistance. Al/Si molar ratios of 1.2 to 1.4 are the most favorable to achieve high compressive strength. The use of locally available clays in the synthesis of geopolymers is aligned with global efforts to develop sustainable construction materials.</p>

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Optimizing experimental factors for the valorization of Moroccan clay as a precursor in geopolymer synthesis for sustainable construction materials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月12日

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  • Chaimae Moukhlisse,
  • Bouchra Bahja,
  • Abdeslem Tizliouine,
  • Lhaj El Hachemi Omari

摘要

Geopolymers represent an innovative category of environmental materials that offers a sustainable alternative to Portland cement. These inorganic polymers are synthesized by activating aluminosilicate precursors with alkaline solutions (such as sodium, potassium, or calcium hydroxide) or acidic solutions (such as phosphoric acid), contributing to prospective applications in construction, waste management, and advanced ceramics. The use of phosphoric acid remains relatively less explored. The choice of aluminosilicate precursors, such as natural clays, and the optimization of synthesis parameters significantly influence the mechanical performance of these materials. This study investigates the synthesis of geopolymers using Moroccan clay (MC) as an aluminosilicate precursor and Phosphoric Acid (H \(_3\) PO \(_4\) ) as an activator. The effects of the following parameters (Al/Si molar ratio, phosphoric acid concentration (H \(_3\) PO \(_4\) ), and temperature of curing on the compressive strength of the resulting geopolymers were examined and optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results indicate that a high concentration of H \(_3\) PO \(_4\) (10 mol/L) produces a compressive strength of 0.5 MPa after 14 days and 1.5 MPa after 28 days. In contrast, concentrations between 5.5 and 7.0 mol/L produced better compressive strength, reaching 36 MPa. In addition, reducing the curing temperature to 56.8°C increases mechanical resistance. Al/Si molar ratios of 1.2 to 1.4 are the most favorable to achieve high compressive strength. The use of locally available clays in the synthesis of geopolymers is aligned with global efforts to develop sustainable construction materials.