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<p>PAMAM-G4.0 functionalized magnetic graphene oxide (MGO-PAMAM-G4.0) nanoparticles were prepared and incorporated at different loadings (0, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 wt%) into the polyamide (PA) layer of polysulfone (PSf) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes to enhance membrane hydrophilicity, stability, and desalination performance. This work aims to demonstrate how the synergistic properties of MGO and high-generation PAMAM can overcome the permeability–selectivity trade-off typically observed in thin-film composite membranes. The fabricated thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes were extensively characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurements. The pristine TFC membrane exhibited a contact angle of 71.35°, while incorporation of 0.5 wt% MGO-PAMAM-G4.0 (TFN0.5) reduced it to 56.74°, indicating significantly enhanced hydrophilicity. RO tests showed high rejection of divalent ions (RNa<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> = 98.75%, RMgSO<sub>4</sub> = 95.77%, RMgCl<sub>2</sub> = 71.88%) and moderate rejection of monovalent ions (RNaCl = 45.66%) for TFN0.5. A reduced B/A ratio confirmed improved desalination efficiency compared with the unmodified TFC membrane. The TFN0.5 membrane also exhibited strong antifouling performance, achieving a flux recovery ratio of 97.22%. These results demonstrate that MGO-PAMAM-G4.0 is an effective multifunctional nanofiller for advancing high-performance RO membranes, contributing valuable insights relevant to inorganic/organometallic polymer–based membrane materials.</p>

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Magnetic graphene oxide–PAMAM-G4.0 modified reverse osmosis membranes for improved water desalination performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月16日

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  • Ali Ansari,
  • Seyed Aboutaleb Mousavi Parsa,
  • Mehdi Faramarzi,
  • Hajir Karimi

摘要

PAMAM-G4.0 functionalized magnetic graphene oxide (MGO-PAMAM-G4.0) nanoparticles were prepared and incorporated at different loadings (0, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 wt%) into the polyamide (PA) layer of polysulfone (PSf) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes to enhance membrane hydrophilicity, stability, and desalination performance. This work aims to demonstrate how the synergistic properties of MGO and high-generation PAMAM can overcome the permeability–selectivity trade-off typically observed in thin-film composite membranes. The fabricated thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes were extensively characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurements. The pristine TFC membrane exhibited a contact angle of 71.35°, while incorporation of 0.5 wt% MGO-PAMAM-G4.0 (TFN0.5) reduced it to 56.74°, indicating significantly enhanced hydrophilicity. RO tests showed high rejection of divalent ions (RNa2SO4 = 98.75%, RMgSO4 = 95.77%, RMgCl2 = 71.88%) and moderate rejection of monovalent ions (RNaCl = 45.66%) for TFN0.5. A reduced B/A ratio confirmed improved desalination efficiency compared with the unmodified TFC membrane. The TFN0.5 membrane also exhibited strong antifouling performance, achieving a flux recovery ratio of 97.22%. These results demonstrate that MGO-PAMAM-G4.0 is an effective multifunctional nanofiller for advancing high-performance RO membranes, contributing valuable insights relevant to inorganic/organometallic polymer–based membrane materials.